『맹자』와 관용-소통과 동락(同樂)을 통한 공감과 치유-

Abstract

This thesis aimed at considering the spirit of tolerance in 『Mencius』 in the aspect of the possibility of the acceptance of diversity, recognition and sympathy for the communication with others and other culture. The important point in the recognition and acceptance of diversity is how to reduce infinitely expanding self desire. Mencius pursued reduction of desire(寡欲). In order to reduce desire, first, it is necessary to confirm and expand morality inherent in our mind. When we get that condition, at last we can communicate with others. The characteristic that the method to maintain the boundary between self and others that can be seen in Mencius is the emphasis of boundary maintenance in the economic aspect. Boundary maintenance which enables social members' regular economic activities and possession through that can be achieved through the method of reducing the expanding desire. Through this process, the world of tolerance which Mencius eventually pursued is the world of enjoyment(同樂) based on compassion, and that is the view on the world that Mencius aimed at. In this respect, tolerance, which can be known through Mencius, that Confucian philosophy pursues, is empathic tolerance beyond reciprocal tolerance. In this discussion on tolerance, the possibility of a methodology, which can cure the period and pathological phenomena along with mind healing, can be found through philosophy.