효명세자의 관례 절차와 참례자들에 관한 연구 ― 『왕세자관례등록』과 ≪수교도≫의 분석을 중심으로 ―

Abstract

The Joseon dynasty did not have a legitimate heir after King Sukjong, until after 150 years Prince Hyomyeong, the eldest son of Queen Sunwon was born. The ceremonies of his rite of passage were carried out as official ceremonies of the royal family, which documents, the eui-gwe(Ritual Protocol Manuals), and court paintings remain today. This study analyzes the participants of the Gwallye(the coming of age ceremony) through the comparison of the 『Wangseja Gwallye Deung-lok (Documents on Coming of Age Ceremony of The Crown Prince)』(K2-2686) and the ≪Su-gyodo≫, a pictorial documentation of the procedure of the ceremony. The ceremony took place in the order of Gojong-myo → Myeong-bin-chan → Gwallye → Hwe-bin-chan → Jo-al- lye. The ≪Su-gyodo≫ shows the ceremony in the order of Myeong-bin-chan on the first panel, the Gwallye on panels 2 to 11, Jo-al-lye on panel 12, and Hwe-bin-chan on panel 13. The Gwallye is the main procedure that took place in Kyeong-hyun-dang, the Prince’s residing palace. This study focused on the change in the number of participants in each procedure, depicted in 10 of the panels. The participants enter through the outer gate to bow and pay respects to the Prince. Most of the panels show a similar number of participants, but the image in which the participants bow to the Prince shows only officials of ie-pum (second class) or higher, and is not depicted in the following panels, most likely due to the lack of space. The number of officials of sam-pum(third class) or lower differs in every scene, but it is not known whether they have left the scene due to their duties, as there is no record. However, considering that the change in the number of ik-wi-sa officials is accurately drawn following the Gwallye procedure, it seems that the change in the number of actual participants is reflected in the drawing. Based on the analysis of the number of participants, the titles of the main participants and ritual symbolic items were marked on the 7th panel <Su-gyo> and the 9th panel <Samgado>.