『管子』의 陰陽五行論

Abstract

This paper examines the distinct features of Yin-Yang and Five Elements(陰陽五行) in Guanzi(管 子). Yin-Yang(陰陽) and Five Elements(五行) respectively represented natural phenomena at the beginning, but became abstract and a ruling ideology going through the Warring States period. It began from Guanzi(管子)’s The thought of seasonal proper policy(時令思想) that Yin-Yang and Five Elements became a ruling ideology. In Guanzi, most of political actions a king takes and social systems for the purpose of national prosperity and military power and the stability of public welfare were related to Yin-Yang and Five Elements. As for the theory of Yin-Yang and Five Elements in Guanzi, first, Guanzi’s The thought of seasonal proper policy can be said to be the idea for the benefit of people that related the theory of Yin-Yang and Five Elements to increased agricultural production aiming at stabilization of public welfare, and reflects the principle of Yang-reward and Yin-punishment(陽德陰刑). Second, Guanzi’s The thought of seasonal proper policy can be said to be The theory of heaven and humans response(天人感應論) that includes The intimate theory(災異說) in the relationship between the heaven and humans. Yet, the focus is on the heaven. Third, Yin-Yang and Five Elements became abstract in Guanzi for the first time. As for seasons, Yin-Yang and Five Elements were assigned, and regarding color, taste, sound, number, bearing, weapon and others, Five Elements were assigned. However, the ten celestial stems were not divided into Yin-Yang, so Yin-Yang cannot be seen to be combined with Five Elements. Fourth, the differences in the contents of each chapter related to the theory of Yin-Yang and Five Elements prove the view that writers and the year of writing each chapter of Guanzi can be different. Guanzi’s theory of Yin-Yang and Five Elements became one of main frames of Chinese philosophy later being transmitted to Yeossichunchu(呂氏春秋), Huainanzi(淮南 子), Chunchubeonro(春秋繁露), Baekhotongeui(白虎通義) and etc.