光緖初 淸朝의 만주개발과 中韓關係의 재조정

Abstract

This study is to look into the development of Manchuria and change of the Sino-Korean relationship in the early Guangxu Period. Special attention is given to the background of the change in the mutual relations in the early 1880's, characterized by the adoption of the interventionist policy towards Korea. Formerly Qing officials had insisted that China had not intervened in Korea's domestic and foreign policies. In the last year of the Tongzhi period, the great policy debate on maritime defense and frontier defense began, which also brought in aroused concern for security and national defense in the Manchuria. As a result, the Qing government started efforts to develop the region to where immigration had been formerly prohibited. The immigration ban was lifted, respectively, in 1875 for Liaoning Province, and in 1881 for Jirin Province. Subsequently land reclamation was actively promoted in the region, which accompanied the adjustment of local government systems there as well as the increase of low-level local administration units. In accordance with the development of Manchuria, the Qing government actively pursued readjustment of relations with Korea, which was believed to be very important to the security of Chinese mainland as well as Manchuria. As a result, the Qing government began to actively intervene in Korean problems. First, Qing officials urged Korea to open door to Western countries, subsequently initiating treaty negotiations with them on behalf of Korea. They soon reshuffled Sino-Korean relations, by concluding treaties regarding biltateral trade. They also actively engaged in nego- tiations on fixing bitlateral frontier lines both with Korea and Russia.