식민통치 표상 공간 경주와 투어리즘 ― 1910~20년대 일본인의 여행기를 중심으로 ―

Abstract

Tourism has begun in the modern era. As for Korea, tourism fully began in the Japanese colonial era, which was in the early 1910’s. Specifically, tours to historical places were widely advertised as images of the colonized Josun Dynasty. The Japanese colonial government focused on Kyeongju, which was a capital city of the Silla Dynasty from its early colonial era. This study examines how tours to Kyeongju historical places during Japanese colonial era reflects its colonialism by reviewing the plan of Japanese colonial government in the process of focusing on Kyeongju as a historical tourist place, how Japanese intellectuals’ interest in Josun’s traditional culture through Kyeongju tours can be interpreted, and how the traditional culture of Kyeongju and Joson Dynasty were succeeded . Plans of Japanese colonial government to excavate and preserve Kyeongju’s historical places and to make Kyeongju a tourist spot are as follows: First, the Japanese colonial government imitated other Western imperial nations that excavated, analyzed and re-organized ‘primitive’ colonized cultural assets to display the ‘civilized nations’s ‘advance science’ and power. Second, Japan wanted to prove that they dominated the ancient Silla to reinforce historical justification of Japan’s colonization of the Josun Dynasty. Third, the Japanese colonial government wanted to use the fact that they tried to preserve Josun’s traditional culture as propaganda to promote Japan’s generosity. The Japanese colonial government’s intentions were completed by Japanese intellectuals who visited Kyeongju and wrote about the Kyeongju discovery. That is, Japanese intellectuals who talked about Josun’s cultural values in Kyeongju interpreted Kyeongju’s specific cultural meanings as ‘Oriental’ general culture and argued that they played the role of a mentor to help discover Kyeongju’s values that were not discovered by Koreans. Also, they contrast Kyeongju that flourished in the past with Josun Dynasty that had just collapsed so as to justify the fate of Josun’s colonization by Japan. The role that Japanese intellectuals played is a result of Imperial Japan’s desire to newly establish the identity of the Japanese empire in ‘Asia’ and to be the leader and guardian of Asia, which could * Research professor, Hanseo University 24 식민통치 표상 공간 경주와 투어리즘 - 183 -