학서(鶴棲) 류이좌(柳台佐)의 갱화(賡和)와 응제(應製)에 관하여

Abstract

This article ascertains interactive poems and responsive poems by royal demands written by Hakseo Yu Ijwa, who was selected as a Kyujanggak official for lecture and composition in a regime of king Jeongjo. Also this article infers the reason for his interactive and responsive poems are hardly being included in his collection. Yu Ijwa’s collection Hakseoseonsaengmunjip (Hakseojip) was woodblock printed around 1902, however, it is not clear whether the collection was based on his self-edited manuscript. The number of poems in the collection is small, and the second volume mostly contains memorial poems. Organizers and publishers of Yu Ijwa’s posthumous arranged 8 pieces of interactive poems to Jeongjo and 15 pieces of responsive poems written in a royal exam for selected elite officials on the front. It is clear that publishers laid stress on his poems as a selected elite official. Through the poems, it is possible to apprehend proficiency, profoundness, and orientation of Yu Ijwa’s poetry. However, compared to Ilseongnok, Naegagilryeok, and Ungokjip, interactive and responsive poems of Yu Ijwa is largely omitted in Hakseojip. Moreover, among responsive poetry and prose composed in royal exam and state exam, works beside poems are mostly not included in the collection, reserving only 2 pieces of royal dedicational documents and a piece of inscription. Yu Ijwa rejected a florid style and put stress on self-fulfillment in nature. According to his poem “Respectfully responding nine poems of my ancestor master Joljae”, written in response to his 6th generation grandfather Yu Wonji’s indoctrinational poem, usually Yu Ijwa thought sincerity, self-duteousness, an art of living, hermitism, self-reproach, encouraging learning, reading, and self-reflection as important characteristics. Also he stated his opinion to Jeonjo on publishing anthologies such as Eojeongyukjuyakseon, Eojeongjuseobaekseon, and Sagiyeongseon won’t help learning, making descendants pursue convenience. A system of selected elite officials played major role in establishing political hegemony, however composition assignments blocked developing scholarship. Jeong Yakyong, for example, regretted what he wrote as a selected elite official and asserted pianwen a florid words, containing most of his such works in Yeolsumunhwang to divide it from his proud collection. It is hard to affirm that Yu Ijwa had a harsh criticism of Jeongjo’s study plan. However he did not have an intention to collect his composition such as royal dedicational documents or fu, even though it was top-graded.