쿠빌라이 정부의 南海정책과 해외무역의 번영 -몽골의 전통적 세계관과 관련하여-
Khubilai Government’s Policies on The Southern Sea and The Prosperity of Overseas Trade -Relating to The Traditional World View of The Mongols-
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This thesis aims at examining the contents and characteristics of the foreign policy on the countries in the south(南海諸國) carried out by Khubilai government. And the researcher tried to find out that it was from the traditional world view and external policy of the Mongols, which is different from typical relationship of tribute, and at studying the meaning in the overseas trade of Mongol era of the greatest prosperity ever. From the era of Genghis Kahn, the Mongols thought all areas and people in the world as the object of their practical and potential conquest and rule. In the process of expanding their empire, they thoroughly applied that kind of concept to demanding their surrounding nations to be subjected to them and to waging wars to conquer. This world view and the basis for foreign policy were succeed to their descendants and reflected positively to the Khubilai government’s unprecedented conquest policy against the nations in the south. Khubilai government strongly asked them of the king’s direct reign, which means substantial submission, and succeeds in achieving it. So it established practical subjugation relation, which was fundamentally different from the typical tribute relation securing their political dependence and autonomy. As a result, Mongol gained strong control of the shipping lane in the south from Southeast Asia to the southern part of India, western Asia and the eastern shore of Africa, and actively carried forward the policy to vitalize commerce and developed the overseas trade between the East and the West. Accordingly, the range of overseas exchange was largely extended and the knowledge of marine geography became accumulated in a huge quantity. In addition, Quanzhou(泉州)grew to be the biggest center of the trade in the southern sea and the conditions for the merchants in the south to freely advance into and trade not only in India but also in the western Asia and the eastern shores of Africa was formed. Moreover, the Mongol bill became into common use in Southeast Asia and India. From this perspective, the succession of the traditional world view of the Mongolsand the establishment of the diplomatic relationship between Mongol and other countries in the south according to the view is historically meaningful that it has created the splendid prosperity of the overseas trade between the East and the West, i.e., Pax Mongolica.
Abstract
This thesis aims at examining the contents and characteristics of the foreign policy on the countries in the south(南海諸國) carried out by Khubilai government. And the researcher tried to find out that it was from the traditional world view and external policy of the Mongols, which is different from typical relationship of tribute, and at studying the meaning in the overseas trade of Mongol era of the greatest prosperity ever. From the era of Genghis Kahn, the Mongols thought all areas and people in the world as the object of their practical and potential conquest and rule. In the process of expanding their empire, they thoroughly applied that kind of concept to demanding their surrounding nations to be subjected to them and to waging wars to conquer. This world view and the basis for foreign policy were succeed to their descendants and reflected positively to the Khubilai government’s unprecedented conquest policy against the nations in the south. Khubilai government strongly asked them of the king’s direct reign, which means substantial submission, and succeeds in achieving it. So it established practical subjugation relation, which was fundamentally different from the typical tribute relation securing their political dependence and autonomy. As a result, Mongol gained strong control of the shipping lane in the south from Southeast Asia to the southern part of India, western Asia and the eastern shore of Africa, and actively carried forward the policy to vitalize commerce and developed the overseas trade between the East and the West. Accordingly, the range of overseas exchange was largely extended and the knowledge of marine geography became accumulated in a huge quantity. In addition, Quanzhou(泉州)grew to be the biggest center of the trade in the southern sea and the conditions for the merchants in the south to freely advance into and trade not only in India but also in the western Asia and the eastern shores of Africa was formed. Moreover, the Mongol bill became into common use in Southeast Asia and India. From this perspective, the succession of the traditional world view of the Mongolsand the establishment of the diplomatic relationship between Mongol and other countries in the south according to the view is historically meaningful that it has created the splendid prosperity of the overseas trade between the East and the West, i.e., Pax Mongolica.
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