미국의 동아시아 진출과 동해
The Value of East Sea in the U.S. Advance to East Asia
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This study aims to look into the changing values of East Sea in the history of the United States advance to East Asia. When profit-seeking whalers advanced to East Sea in the mid-19th century, East Sea was the ground for whale hunting. In the early 20th century, the United States as a growing maritime nation but did not take any distinct policy regarding East Sea. The end of the Second World War and the formation of international Cold War system after 1945 changed American interests in East Asia. Confronting with communist countries, the United States formed military alliances with Japan and South Korea. Thus East Sea got a new importance as the space for securing American strategic interests. During the Korean War, East Sea was utilized as transportation route as American vessels carried military materials and personnel for the conduct of war. The American ships also carried civilian refugees. The nature of East Sea as the sea of confrontation was clearly revealed when North Korea captured American intelligence ship Pueblo operating on East Sea in January 1968. In human history, oceans have been used in different ways such as the source of resources, the route for transportation, the route for the exchange of knowledge and culture, or the instrument for power. For the last one and half century, the value of East Sea to the United States changed with the changing American interests in East Asia. East Sea was the ground for realizing the interests of whalers in the 19th century. With the changing international politics and growing American involvement in East Asia in the 20th century, the United States has been using East Sea as an instrument for power projection in order to secure American strategic interests in East Asia. This position will continue with the increasing importance of East Asia for the United States.
Abstract
This study aims to look into the changing values of East Sea in the history of the United States advance to East Asia. When profit-seeking whalers advanced to East Sea in the mid-19th century, East Sea was the ground for whale hunting. In the early 20th century, the United States as a growing maritime nation but did not take any distinct policy regarding East Sea. The end of the Second World War and the formation of international Cold War system after 1945 changed American interests in East Asia. Confronting with communist countries, the United States formed military alliances with Japan and South Korea. Thus East Sea got a new importance as the space for securing American strategic interests. During the Korean War, East Sea was utilized as transportation route as American vessels carried military materials and personnel for the conduct of war. The American ships also carried civilian refugees. The nature of East Sea as the sea of confrontation was clearly revealed when North Korea captured American intelligence ship Pueblo operating on East Sea in January 1968. In human history, oceans have been used in different ways such as the source of resources, the route for transportation, the route for the exchange of knowledge and culture, or the instrument for power. For the last one and half century, the value of East Sea to the United States changed with the changing American interests in East Asia. East Sea was the ground for realizing the interests of whalers in the 19th century. With the changing international politics and growing American involvement in East Asia in the 20th century, the United States has been using East Sea as an instrument for power projection in order to secure American strategic interests in East Asia. This position will continue with the increasing importance of East Asia for the United States.
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