한말 황해도 殷栗郡 南上里坊 호적표로 본 가족과 마을

Abstract

The study analyzed family register of Namsang-ri, Eunyool-gun, Hwanghae-do, made out in 1902. Namsang-ri is located in the foot of Guwol mountain, one of the five noted mountains in the North Korea and composed of 19 natural villages. As a result of correcting several errors and supplementing part not listed in the family register, it could be known that there were 266 houses; male 683 persons, female 503_ 1,186 in total listed on the register. But such population were below half the one in the period after 6.25 war. That is, family register of Namsang-ri includes high omission rate in population, so that this has much limitation as a study material. However, at the same time, now there are only a few extant direct materials which show actual state of area of Hwanghae-do in the early 1900. Therefore, it would be unavoidable to use the material to analyze composition and character of family and village for then times. The study was proceeded with consideration of such limitation as a material. As a result, regional characteristics differentiated from other regions could be figured out as follows. First of all, family in Namsang-ri thoroughly composed of mainly paternal relative. There was no person of maternal and wife’s relative among family members. Futhermore, there was not female family head at all. The ratio of female family head in different area of the same period was approx. 5~10%. If a family did not have a son or a son was minor, female protector could be a family head. But, in Namsang-ri, female family head was not recognized. Instead, male minor became a family head or a brother of a husband played a role of family head. Among 19 natural villages in Namsang-ri, as many as 16 villages were same surname ones where a certain surname accounted for over 50%. In fact, it can be said that the areas composed of same surname villages. Same surname village was a product that appeared as a certain surname with secure social and economic advantage excluded other surnames. To survive as a surname village, these would be necessary_limitation on move of paternal blood members through man- oriented inherit, activation of child adoption system, and development of a clan. On the family register of Namsang-ri, clan of married women who left their maiden home, and maternal relatives was not listed on it. And there was no female family head. In the houses of some 10.9%, blood was succeeded by adopted child. Most of natural villages were same surname ones. Namsang-ri, Eunyool-gun was an area where paternal man- oriented family form was thoroughly maintained because of Confucian influence.