朝鮮後期 統制營 畵員 硏究

Abstract

This paper examines some aspects of painters dispatched from Dohwaseo (Drawing & Painting Authority) and their official activities of drawing and painting in Tongjeyeong (a naval base in the Joseon Dynasty). A Court painter in the late Joseon Dynasty Period can be broadly classified into two types: a painter at Dohwaseo and Jabidaeryeong Hwawon, selected stand-by Court painter for special tasks at Gyujanggak, the royal library of the Joseon Dynasty which was systematized during the reign of King Jeongjo (the 22nd King of the Joseon Dynasty). Both took part in painting, with the Court as the base of operations. However, painters who performed their official duties in drawing and painting at military and administrative districts such as Gunyoung and Gamyoung of each province, were dispatched from Dohwaseo. Dohwaseo selected a diligent painter in long service and dispatched them to Tongjeyeong, an administrative and strategic point during the late Joseon. The selected painters worked there for two years both as a painter and officer. As of today, confirmed painters in Tongjeyeong from 1714 to 1823 are 22. They were placed on record as a position of Hwawon or Hwasa, and their places of residence were all in 'the captical city'. Among them, only Myeong-gyu Lee was Jabidaeryeong Hwawon as well as Hwasajeonjubu (an officer who took charge of painting). During the length of service in Tongjeyeong, painters were responsible for official activities of drawing and painting such as making maps of counties and prefectures, topography of camps, paintings for reporting to the ruling offices, and decorative and commemorative paintings for ceremonies. After tenure, they returned to the Court and carried out their duties as a Court painter by producing Uigwe, a collection of writings and paintings that records and prescribes the important ceremonies of the Joseon Dynasty, and Eojin, a royal portrait. These painters in Tongjeyeong show not only an example of the dispatch of painters at Dohwaseo but also some aspects that their roles and duties at the camp became diverse and recognized due to the sociopolitical changes in the late Joseon Period including the reinforcement of a centralized administrative system and the spread of positivism.