Korean Multiculturalism under Globalization: A Case of Female Marriage Immigrants
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The multiculturalism in South Korea has become a social issue since 1990s after the acceleration of globalization process through migrant workers and marriage immigrants. The multiculturalism in western countries was formed to unify their residents and immigrant groups of their countries. In contrast, multiculturalism in Korea was to assimilate new minorities formed by globalization in Korea. Especially, multicultural policy of Korea is for female marriage immigrants as Korean residents, not for short-term migrant workers. Female marriage immigrants are recognized as Korean residents, due to the fact that unlike the short-term migrant workers, the female marriage immigrants give birth to a Korean child and as they become a part of Korean family, they are accepted as Korean citizens. But the multicultural policies of Korea are criticized for concentrating on ethnic centrism based on the paternal lineage. In consequence, this paper insists upon the current multicultural policy, lead by the government, cannot be the alternative plan for the diverse family crisis confronted by Korean society. At the same time, emphasizing the obligation for policy propulsion upon the constitution of circumstances for the female marriage immigrants to carry on their role as citizens of Korea and accepting them as new dwellers, not as substitutional work force for the a shortage of labor force or to solve the problem of decreasing birth rate in Korean society.
Abstract
The multiculturalism in South Korea has become a social issue since 1990s after the acceleration of globalization process through migrant workers and marriage immigrants. The multiculturalism in western countries was formed to unify their residents and immigrant groups of their countries. In contrast, multiculturalism in Korea was to assimilate new minorities formed by globalization in Korea. Especially, multicultural policy of Korea is for female marriage immigrants as Korean residents, not for short-term migrant workers. Female marriage immigrants are recognized as Korean residents, due to the fact that unlike the short-term migrant workers, the female marriage immigrants give birth to a Korean child and as they become a part of Korean family, they are accepted as Korean citizens. But the multicultural policies of Korea are criticized for concentrating on ethnic centrism based on the paternal lineage. In consequence, this paper insists upon the current multicultural policy, lead by the government, cannot be the alternative plan for the diverse family crisis confronted by Korean society. At the same time, emphasizing the obligation for policy propulsion upon the constitution of circumstances for the female marriage immigrants to carry on their role as citizens of Korea and accepting them as new dwellers, not as substitutional work force for the a shortage of labor force or to solve the problem of decreasing birth rate in Korean society.
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