The Role of State and Non-state Actors in Reducing CO2 Emissions
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The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of increased participation by civil society organizations on CO2 emissions. Additionally, we consider also political (state-related) factors that might influence a country's emission levels, such as liberal democratic values, female representation in national parliaments, and the political ideology of the governing party. By applying a fixed effect econometric estimation technique, we analyze an unbalanced panel dataset covering data from 159 countries spanning the years 2002 to 2020. Our findings underscore that heightened engagement of civil society organizations is related to a reduction in CO2 emissions. Conversely, the prevalence of strong liberal democratic values is positively linked to higher emissions. Moreover, we identify variations in the relationship between the roles of state and non-state actors in CO2 emissions mitigation, which hinge on the prevailing political ideology. This implies that the reduction of environmentally harmful emissions is significantly influenced by the political context.
Abstract
The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of increased participation by civil society organizations on CO2 emissions. Additionally, we consider also political (state-related) factors that might influence a country's emission levels, such as liberal democratic values, female representation in national parliaments, and the political ideology of the governing party. By applying a fixed effect econometric estimation technique, we analyze an unbalanced panel dataset covering data from 159 countries spanning the years 2002 to 2020. Our findings underscore that heightened engagement of civil society organizations is related to a reduction in CO2 emissions. Conversely, the prevalence of strong liberal democratic values is positively linked to higher emissions. Moreover, we identify variations in the relationship between the roles of state and non-state actors in CO2 emissions mitigation, which hinge on the prevailing political ideology. This implies that the reduction of environmentally harmful emissions is significantly influenced by the political context.
참고문헌 (50)
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