A study of common behavior in /s/-irregular and /h/-final stems of Korean
0
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
The main purpose of this article is to bring to light the common behavior of the so-called ‘/s/-irregular’ and ‘/h/-final’ stems in Korean, focusing on the similarly opaque phonological behavior of those stems when they encounter vowel-initial suffixes. It is proposed that their phonological similarity should be due to the lack of place feature in their input specifications of the stem-final consonants. The proposal follows from the discussion that combining the notion of Richness of the Base with Lexicon Optimization in optimality-theoretic framework, language learners should consult surface alternations and choose input forms that map onto outputs in the least offensive way with respect to the grammar of ranked constraints. Adopting placeless specifications as their input for both /s/-irregular and /h/-final stems, their apparent opaque alternations are adequately dealt with employing independently motivated universal constraints. The irregular status of /s/-irregular stems in Korean is still maintained but the source of their peculiar behavior turns out to be the lack of place feature just like /h/. Under the proposed ranking of constraints, it is also best explained that the stem-final /s/ in /s/-irregular stems gets their empty place node filled through the help of spreading from the following obstruent while that in /s/-regular stems is simply brought into the purview of place assimilation. I conclude that all relevant cases of /s/- and /h/-final stems can be dealt with successfully in a framework that has recourse to input specifications.
Abstract
The main purpose of this article is to bring to light the common behavior of the so-called ‘/s/-irregular’ and ‘/h/-final’ stems in Korean, focusing on the similarly opaque phonological behavior of those stems when they encounter vowel-initial suffixes. It is proposed that their phonological similarity should be due to the lack of place feature in their input specifications of the stem-final consonants. The proposal follows from the discussion that combining the notion of Richness of the Base with Lexicon Optimization in optimality-theoretic framework, language learners should consult surface alternations and choose input forms that map onto outputs in the least offensive way with respect to the grammar of ranked constraints. Adopting placeless specifications as their input for both /s/-irregular and /h/-final stems, their apparent opaque alternations are adequately dealt with employing independently motivated universal constraints. The irregular status of /s/-irregular stems in Korean is still maintained but the source of their peculiar behavior turns out to be the lack of place feature just like /h/. Under the proposed ranking of constraints, it is also best explained that the stem-final /s/ in /s/-irregular stems gets their empty place node filled through the help of spreading from the following obstruent while that in /s/-regular stems is simply brought into the purview of place assimilation. I conclude that all relevant cases of /s/- and /h/-final stems can be dealt with successfully in a framework that has recourse to input specifications.
참고문헌 (36)
- Bakovic, Eric, "Harmony, dominance, and control", PhD, pp.2000
- Chey, Hyen-Pay, "Wuli-malpon (A grammar of our language)" (1959), Cengum-sa
- Chomsky, Noam, "The sound pattern of English" (1968), Harper and Row
- Clayton, Mary L., "The redundance of underlying morpheme-structure conditions", Language, 5, pp.295~313 (1976)
- Dudas, Karen, "The phonology and morphology of modern Javanese", PhD, pp.1976
- Goldsmith, John, "Autosegmental and Metrical Phonology" (1990), Basil Blackwell
- Horne, Elinor, "Beginning Javanese" (1961), Yale University Press
- Huh, Woong, "Kuke Umwunhak (Korean Phonology)" (1965), Cengum-sa
- Itô, Junko, "Syllable theory in prosodic phonology", PhD, pp.1986
- Itô, Junko, "A prosodic theory of epenthesis", Natural Language and Linguistic Theory, 7, pp.217~259 (1989)
- 전종호, "Hiatus resolution and opacity in Seoul Korean verbal paradigm", 음성음운형태론연구, 20(3), pp.379~401 (2014), 한국음운론학회[DOI]
- Kager, René, "Optimality Theory" (1999), Cambridge University Press
- Kenstowicz, Michael, "Topics in phonological theory" (1977), Academic Press
- Kim, Chin-Woo, "Studies in generative phonology", pp.104~113 (1973), Linguistic Research Inc
- Kim-Renaud, Young-Key, "Korean consonantal phonology", PhD, pp.1974
- Kiparsky, Paul, "A festschrift for Morris Halle", pp.93~106 (1973), Holt, Rinehart and Winston
- Ladefoged, Peter, "A Course in phonetics" (2006), Thomson Higher Education
- Lee, Byung-Gun, "Hyentay hankwuke-uy sayngseng umwunlon (Generative phonology of modern Korean)" (1976), Ilcisa
- 이세창, "유표성제약의 일반성: VhV의 대안을 중심으로", 언어, 27(1), pp.87~107 (2002), 한국언어학회
- 이세창, "위치동화현상과 위치자질의 무표적 연쇄에 관한 연구", 언어연구, 34(2), pp.247~265 (2017), 언어정보연구소[DOI]
- Lombardi, Linda, "Laryngeal features and laryngeal neutralization", PhD, pp.1991
- Lombardi, Linda, "Positional faithfulness and voicing assimilation in Optimality Theory", Natural Language and Linguistic Theory, 17, pp.267~302 (1999)
- McCarthy, John J., "A Thematic guide to Optimality Theory" (2002), Cambridge University Press
- McCarthy, J. John, "Hidden Generalizations: Phonological opacity in Optimality Theory" (2007), Equinox Publishing
- McCarthy, J. John, "Doing Optimality Theory: Applying theory to data" (2008), Blackwell Publishing
- McCarthy, J. John, "The gradual path to cluster simplification", Phonology, 25, pp.271~319 (2008)
- McCarthy, John J., "Prosodic morphology I : Constraint interaction and satisfaction. Ms. University of Massachusetts at Amherst and Rutgers University", Ms. University of Massachusetts at Amherst and Rutgers University, ~ (1993)
- "Faithfulness and reduplicative identity" (1995)[URL]
- "Partial class behavior and nasal place assimilation" (1995)[URL]
- Parker, Steve, "Non-optimal onsets in Chamicuro: An inventory maximized in coda position", Phonology, 18, pp.361~386 (2001)
- Prince, Alan, "Optimality Theory: Constraint interaction in generative grammar", Ms. Rutgers University, New Brunswick and University of Colorado, Boulder, ~ (1993)
- Prince, Alan, "Optimality Theory: Constraint interaction in generative grammar" (2004), Blackwell Publishing
- Pulleyblank, Douglas, "Harmony drivers: No disagreement allowed", Proceedings of the Twenty-eighth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (2004), Berkeley Linguistics Society
- Smith, Jennifer L., "Phonological augmentation in prominent positions", PhD, pp.2002
- Stampe, David, "How I spent my summer vacation", PhD, pp.1972
- Steriade, Donca, "Greek prosodies and the nature of syllablification", PhD, pp.1982