유마힐의 보살정신과 그 현대적 의의

Abstract

This research paper considered the core of the Bodhisattva(菩薩) idea provided by Vimalakirti with the text 『Vimalakirti-nirdesa-Sutra(維摩詰所說經)』 translated by Kumārajīva(鳩摩羅什), then tried to illuminate its modern meaning critically. 『Vimalakirti-nirdesa-Sutra(維摩詰所說經)』 showed the Bodhisattva idea of Mahayana Buddhism(大乘佛敎) and the ideals of Layman Buddhism(在家佛敎) clearly through the wisdom of Prajñā(般若). The book was already respected as the representative writing of Mahayana sudden enlightenment(大乘頓敎). It had a strong influence on the formation of Zen thought because it connoted the idea of the non-dualistic middle path with the sunya viewpoint of (空觀) of Prajñā(般若). The interest of modern society on religion is decreasing as days go by. Buddhism pay attention to the value of the Buddhim and its thought in the real life rather than Pravrajita(出家) Buddhism. In spite of living in the secular society, the figure of Vimalakirti(維摩詰) with a pure and undefiled heart is very suggestive to Korean Buddhist world focusing on the Pravrajita(出家) Buddhism. Especially, there are the wisdom of non-dualistic middle path(中道不二), non-dualistic life of the clergy and the laity(僧俗不二) and the will of the realization of the actual pure land in his Bodhisattva(菩薩) idea. Nowadays, the reality of Korean Buddhism focusing on the Pravrajita(出家) is far from the true Bodhisattva(菩薩) idea, though Korean Buddhism pursues Mahayana Buddhism(大乘佛敎). The Bodhisattva(菩薩) idea of Vimalakirti(維摩詰) beyond the distinction with Pravrajita Buddhism(出家佛敎) and Layman Buddhism(在家佛敎) cures many problems of Korean Buddhism and suggests promising perspective of Korean Buddhism. In this paper I searched for the modern meaning of the Bodhisattva(菩薩) idea of Vimalakirti(維摩詰) with these three parts, solving trouble of dualism with non-dualistic thought, the new reformation of Buddhism focusing on laymen, and the realization of ideal community.