在認知轉向視域下對孔孟倫理思想的再認識
Recognition of Ethics of Confucius and Mencius in Perspective of Cognitive Turn
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當前, 認知科學的突飛猛進發展, 使哲學研究進入一個“認知轉向”的新的曆史時期. “體驗主義”是一種以當今認知科學的研究成果爲基礎, 逐步形成發展的嶄新的哲學視角, 它對人的身體化的認知結構提出新的詮釋, 爲我們正確把握傳統哲學理論的本性, 評價其邏輯整合性等方面, 提供新的方法論手段和途徑. 孔孟倫理思想是一種以人爲中心, 加強道德修養, 塑造完滿人格, 達到“內聖外王”的最高理想境界的學說. 在“認知轉向”視域下, 從體驗主義的基本觀點上看, 孔孟倫理思想主要以與當今認知科學的經驗成果相沖突的理論假設作爲立論根據, 因此, 不可避免地導致一些理論偏失和難點.
Abstract
The rapid development of cognitive science has opened a new era of 'cognitive turn' to modern philosophy. 'Experientialism' is a new philosophical perspective based on the achievements of these cognitive sciences. This perspective presented a new interpretation of the embodied cognitive structure of human beings and provided us with new methodological means to accurately grasp the patterns, evaluate logical consistency of traditional philosophical theories. The ethical thought of the Confucius and Mencius are the theory which demanded people to reach the ideal status of‘Being Sage Inside Being Kingly Outside' through strengthening of moral cultivation and creating of perfect personality. From the visual field of the cognitive turn and the perspective of experientialism, the ethical ideas of the Confucius and Mencius are based on the theoretical hypothesis which conflicts with the experiential achievements of cognitive science. Therefore, there are inevitably theoretical deviations or difficulties.
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