반추위 곰팡이 Piromyces communis 배양 시 불포화지방산 첨가가반추위 발효성상 및 carboxymethylcellulase 활력에 미치는 영향
Effects of Unsaturated Fatty Acids on the Rumen Fermentation Characteristics and Carboxymethylcellulase Activity in vitro Culture with Rumen Fungus, Piromyces communis
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본 연구는 포화지방산과 불포화 지방산 첨가가 반추위 발효성상과 효소활력에 미치는 영향을 알아보기위하여 Piromyces communis 곰팡이를 이용하여 in vitro 발효 시험을 실시하였다. 시험 Ⅰ과 Ⅱ의 대조구에는 지방산을 첨가하지 않았고, 처리구는 시험Ⅰ에서 palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid를 첨가하였고, 실험 Ⅱ에서는 linoleic acid, linolenic acid, arachidonic acid를 첨가하였다. 두 실험 모두39℃에서 7일간 (2, 3, 4, 6 및 7일) 실시되었다. 시험 Ⅰ의 가스발생량은 불포화 지방산인 oleic acid에서 가장 많이 생성되었고 H2가스의 비율은 가장 낮았다. 시험 Ⅱ의 linoleic acid 첨가구에서 2일에서 6일까지의 가스 발생량은 대조구에 비해 높았지만 이후에는 낮았다. 수소가스 생성비율은 linoleic acid첨가구에서 가장 많았고 linolenic acid 첨가구에서 가장 낮았다. 또한 시험 Ⅰ의 pH는 6.63에서 5.85로, 시험 Ⅱ에서는 6.59에서 5.40으로 낮아졌다. Carboxymethylcellulase 활력은 발효시간(day) 경과에따라 증가하는 경향이었고, 특히 arachidonic acid 첨가구의 증가폭이 컸다. 본 실험의 결과는 반추동물의 사료에 불포화지방산을 첨가하면 반추위곰팡이가 생성하는 수소를 불포화 지방산이 이용하여 메탄생성 억제에 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다.
Abstract
Two in vitro experiments were conducted using Piromyces communis fungi treated eithersaturated or unsaturated fatty acids to determine the effects of saturated and unsaturated fattyacids on in vitro rumen fermentation and enzyme activity. Experiment I incorporated a control(no fatty acid), palmitic acid, stearic acid, and oleic acid, and experiment II incorporated acontrol (no fatty acid), linoleic acid, linolenic acid, and arachidonic acid. Both in vitroexperiments performed at 39℃ for 7 days. Total gas production, hydrogen gas production, pH,and carboxymethylcellulase activity were measured at 2, 3, 4, 6, and 7 day of each experiment. Total gas production was highest for oleic acid whereas hydrogen gas production was lowest foroleic acid between treatments in experiment I. In experiment II, total gas production was higherfor linoleic acid compared with control from 2 to 6 days of in vitro incubation, but lower thancontrol at 7 day. Hydrogen gas production was highest for linoleic acid and lowest for linolenicacid between treatments. Carboxymethylcellulase activity had trend to increase with in vitroincubation days, particularly, for arachidonic acid increased significantly between treatments. Therefore, the treatment of unsaturated fatty acid may inhibit the hydrogen gas production whichis the main end-product of fungal fermentation since unsaturated fatty acid can capture hydrogenbecoming saturated in the process.
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