압착 추출방법에 의한 몇 가지 종자유의 이화학적 특성
Physicochemical Properties of Some Seed Oil extracted by Pressure Method
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압착 추출방법에 의한 동백, 들깨, 비자, 피마자 및 참깨 종자유의 이화학적 특성을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 각종 종자유의 물리적 특성으로 비중은 0.913~0.965, 점도는 37.08~719.60cP, 명도는30.62~32.26, 적색도는 –0.06~0.67, 황색도는 1.56~5.57 범위였다. 화학적 특성 중 산가는 비자유가13.60±0.08mg/g으로 많은 함량이었다. 과산화물가는 들기름이 상대적으로 높은 53.03±0.56meq/kg로 측정되었다. TBA가는 피마자 종자유가 24.88±0.45mg/kg로 가장 낮았고, 참기름이119.23±0.94mg/kg으로 가장 높은 값을 나타내었다. 요오드가는 들기름이 207.09±0.11g으로 피마자유 보다 3배나 많은 양이었다. 검화가는 181.29~236.38g의 범위로서 비슷한 결과를 확인하였다. 지방산은 포화지방산 9종과 불포화지방산 14종을 포함하여 총 23종이 검출되었다. 지방산 총량에 대한 포화지방산의 비율은 9.37~19.94%였으며, 피마자유는 약 20%로서 가장 높은 비율이었다. 그 중 palmiticacid와 stearic acid가 다른 포화지방산에 비해 많았다. 종자유의 불포화지방산은 oleic acid와 linoleicacid가 약 72~87% 함량을 나타내었는데, 들기름은 예외적으로 ω-3 지방산에 해당하는 linolenic acid53.44%와 oleic acid 22.38%의 구성을 나타내었다.
Abstract
Camellia seed, perilla seed, nutmeg nut seed, caster seed and sesame seed oil extracted bypressure method and those were investigated of some physicochemical properties. The result is asfollows. Physical properties of all sorts of seed oil were that the range of gravity was0.913~0.965, of viscosity was 37.08~719.60cP and of lightness was 30.62~32.26. Acid value inchemical properties was much in nutmeg nut oil as 13.60±0.08mg/g. Peroxide value’s was high inperilla seed oil as 53.06±0.56meq/kg, about 10times more than others. In castor seed oil showedthe lowest TBA value as 24.88±0.45mg/kg but in sesame oil, it was highest as 119.23±0.94mg/kg. Iodine value in perilla seed oil was as 207.09±0.11g, about 3 times more than castor seed oil. But in saponification value showed little difference range as 181.29~236.83g. Some seeds oil werecomposed totally 23 varieties of fatty acids such as saturated fatty acids of 9 varieties andunsaturated fatty acids of 14 varieties. Saturated fatty acids ratio were 9.37~19.94% in each oilsbut castor seed oil’s content was the highest ratio than others as about 20%. Especially, palmiticacid and stearic acid were more than other content in saturated fatty acids. Unsaturated fatty acidscomposed as oleic acid and linoleic acid about 72~87% in all oils, but an exception case wasperilla seed oil as 53.44% of linolenic acid(C18:3, ω-3) and 22.38% of oleic acid.
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