신품종 다래‘오텀센스’의 수확적기와 일반저장조건 구명
Optimal Harvest Time and Storage Condition of New Hardy Kiwifruit ‘Autumn Sense’
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초록
본 연구는 신품종 다래‘오텀센스’의 수확적기를 구명하고자 생육시기별 과실품질과 후숙 특성을 조사하였다. 과실의 후숙은 과실의 비대가 최대가 되고 과실 내 종자가 성숙한 이후에 가능하였으나, 종자가 성숙 상태만으로는 후숙 가능성을 판단할 수 없었다. 산함량은 1.05%이상이 되어야 정상적인 후숙이 진행되었으며 후숙이 가능한 시점의 경도는 평균 27.1N이었다. 성숙기에 접근한 과실의 가용성 고형물 함량은 만개후 71일부터 90일까지 시기별로 유의적인 차이가 없었지만 후숙 후의 가용성 고형물함량에는 유의적 차이가 있어 가용성 고형물 함량으로 수확적기를 구명하기에는 어려움이 있었다. 다래의 저장 중 중량감소율은 2℃에 상대습도 90%저장구가 낮았고, 부패율은 20℃, 상대습도 45% 저장구에서는 저장 8일 후부터 증가하기 시작하였고, 2℃에 상대습도 45%와 상대습도 90% 모두 저장 후 20일까지 10% 이하로 유지되었다. 따라서 과실의 크기, 경도 및 후숙 전·후의 가용성 고형물 함량 등을종합하여 고려해 볼 때 신품종 다래‘오텀센스’의 수확적기의 만개 후 생육일수는 85일(9월 2일)이었고, 2℃에 상대습도 90%인 저온고습환경이 적합하였다.
Abstract
In order to obtain the basic data that could be used to evaluate the harvest time and storagecondition of new hardy kiwifruit cultivar ‘Autumn sense’, the characteristics of fruit were examinedduring development and storage. Fruit sizes were increased from full bloom(FB) to 85days afterFB. A significant positive correlation between fruit weight and seed number per fruit wasfound(r=0.98, p<0.01). Titratable acidity was significantly increased from FB to harvest maturityand it was 1.05% at harvest. These change of soluble solids content(SSC) of fruit was notsignificant between picking times until ripening. But it was able to distinguish the harvest timebecause SSC of the fruit after ripening was significantly different according to the harvest time. The weight loss rate of fruit was lower at 2℃ and 90% RH, than other storage conditions. Thefruit decay rapidly increased from 8 days after storage at 20℃. The percentage of decayed fruitwas only 10% at 2℃ regardless of RH even after 20days. Considering the fruit size, titratableacidity, firmness and SSC, optimal harvest time of ‘Autumn sense’ seemed to be 85 days after FBand the storage potential of fruit was higher at 2℃ and 90% RH.
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