홀스타인 육성우(15~18개월령)에 있어서 TDN:CP 비율이 영양소 섭취량, 증체 및 혈액대사에 미치는 영향
Effects of TDN:CP Ratio on Nutrient Intake, Body Weight Gain, Blood Characteristics in Holstein Heifers(15~18 Months of Age)
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초록
임신 전 젖소의 육성기 후반에 있어서 적정한 에너지와 단백질 급여 관리는 개체의 성장과 분만 후유생산에 영향을 미친다. 본 연구는 육성기 후반의 적정 TDN:CP 비율을 결정하기 위하여 생후 15개월령에 5.0:1(T1), 4.5:1(T2) 및 4.0:1(T3)의 비율로 급여하여 체중, 사료섭취량 및 혈액조성에 대하여 조사하였다. 건물섭취량은 평균 8.07kg/day로 TDN: CP 비율에 관계없이 유사하였다. 단백질 섭취량은TDN:CP 비율이 낮아짐에 따라 각각 1.45, 1.29 및 1.17kg/day로 감소하였으나 유의적 차이를 보이지않았다. 증체량은 4.0:1 비율구가 유의적으로 가장 많이 증가하였으며, 평균 일당증체량도 0.74kg/day로 가장 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 60일 이후 모든 처리구의 일당증체량이 권장 수준을 충족하였으나,4.0:1 비율구(1.28kg/day)에서 과잉 체지방 축적이 될 수 있는 수준이기 때문에 임신 및 번식과 관련하여 주의해야 한다. 육성우 15~18개월령에서 상기의 모든 TDN:CP 비율은 혈액 조성에 큰 영향을 미치지 않았다. 체중과 출산 및 비유 등을 고려했을 경우 4.5:1에서 5.0:1의 비율이 적합하고, 출산 시기가가까울수록 에너지 단백질 비율을 5.0:1까지 높여주는 것이 바람직할 것으로 판단되었다.
Abstract
Proper energy and protein supply in Holstein heifers prior to pregnancy and after the latterhalf of the growing period has an influence on the growth of the individuals and milk yieldafter parturition. In this study, to determine the optimal TDN:CP ratio at the latter half of thegrowing period, 5.0:1(T1), 4.5:1(T2) and 4.0:1(T3) were fed to 15 months old growing heifer,then the body weight, feed intake and blood parameters were investigated. The dry matter intakewas 8.07 kg/day at an average which was similar among treatments regardless of the TDN:CPratio. Protein intake decreased from 1.45 to 1.29 and 1.17 kg/day, but did not show anysignificant difference. Body weight gain increased significantly at ratio of 4.0:1 with the highestaverage daily gain 0.74 kg/day(p<0.05). After 60 days, the daily weight gain of all treatmentsmet the recommended level, but the 4.0:1(1.28 kg/day) ratio could cause the excessive body fataccumulation which in turn should to be considered relating breeding and pregnancy. DifferentTDN:CP ratios mentioned above(4.0:1, 4.5:1 and 5.0:1) did not affect blood composition according to protein content in feed given to growing heifers at 15~18 months old. Inconsideration of pregnancy, body weight, and the lactation, the ratio of 4.5:1 to 5.0:1 isappropriate, and is thought to be reasonable to increase the energy to protein ratio up to 5.0:1in case of approaching parturition.
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