산림작업로 개설에 따른 계류환경의 물리적 변화와 버트리스식 사방댐의 안정 효과
Changes in Stream Physical Conditions and Contribution of Buttress Check Dam to Their Stabilization in a Mountain Stream Disturbed by Yarding Road Construction
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초록
이 논문은 산지계류를 횡단하여 개설된 작업로가 계류환경의 물리적 변화에 미치는 영향을 파악하고, 이를 조절하기 위하여 시공된 버트리스식 사방댐의 영향에 대하여 검토하였다. 그 결과, 작업로 개설이후에는 열악한 수문조건, 즉 적은 강우량, 약한 강우강도와 소류력에도 불구하고 작업로 개설 이전에비하여 극심한 계상변동 및 계상재료의 입경변화가 나타났다. 이는 작업로가 계류를 횡단하여 개설됨에따라 계상의 저사공간이 파괴됨으로써 자갈이나 호박돌 등의 조립질층과 이들 사이에 분포하던 세립질토사가 선택적으로 이동 및 재분포하였기 때문인 것으로 사료된다. 이와 같은 계상변동 및 계상재료의변화는 버트리스식 사방댐의 존재여부와 이에 포착된 계상재료의 성분별 포착순서에 크게 영향을 받을것으로 판단된다. 따라서 임산물 반출의 편의성을 중심으로 한 작업로 개설의 문제점 해결과 재해에 강한 작업로 개설을 위한 지침을 마련하여야 할 것이다.
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to examine changes in physical conditions of streamenvironment by the yarding road constructed across the path of a stream and to verify positiverole of buttress check dam for minimizing the changes. The results showed that stream-bed andgrain-size variations after yarding road construction were severe despite poorer hydrologicalconditions(i.e., smaller rainfall, lower rainfall intensity and tractive force), compared to thosebefore yarding road construction. This should be because that sediment storage sites onstream-bed were destroyed by yarding road construction, and thus armor layer materials(e.g., cobbles and boulders) and/or fine sediment filling gabs between those materials were selectivelytransported and redistributed as a function of hydrological conditions. These physical changeswere significantly controlled by the presence of buttress check dam itself as well as by itscontribution to the trapping order of moving bed-materials with different grain-sizes. Ourfindings suggest the problem of yarding road construction only having an intention of forestproducts transportation and the necessity of guidelines for yarding road construction to preventsediment-related disasters.
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