논콩 재배에서 근류균 접종 방법과 시기에 따른 콩의 생육과 수량 변화
Effect of Rhizobium Inoculation Practice for Soybean (Glycine Max L.) Growth and Yield in Dry Paddy Fields
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초록
콩(Glycine max L.)은 생물학적 질소고정을 통해 생육에 필요한 질소를 공급받는다. 하지만 콩과 공생을 하는 근류균이 경작지에 분포하더라도, 답전윤환과 같은 환경의 토양에서는 근류균의 밀도가 낮을 수 있다. 이에 따라 답전윤환 조건에서 식물체가 생물학적 질소고정을 시작하는데 어려움이 있을 수 있다. 따라서, 본 연구는 답전윤환 환경에서 근류균 인공 접종이 콩의 생육과 수량에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 수행하였다. 근류균 접종방법과 접종시기를 달리한 6가지 처리를 답전윤환 콩포장에 복합적으로 실시하였으며 각 처리는 다음과 같다. 1) control (non-inoculation); 2) seed coating inoculation (SC); 3) seed coating + spray inoculation at V4 (SC+VS); 4) seed coating + spray inoculation at R1 (SC+RS); 5) spray inoculation at V4 (VS); 6) spray inoculation at R1 (RS). 포장실험 결과, 파종 시 종자에 처리하는 seed coating 처리 그룹(SC, SC+VS, and SC+RS)은 무처리에 비해 생육이 전반적으로 지연되었다. 한편, spray inoculation처리 그룹(VS and RS)은 식물체의 초장, 엽록소함량, NDVI, Performance Index 값이 무처리와 비슷한 양상을 보였다. 작물의 종실수량은 SC처리구가 170 kg/10a로 가장 낮았다. 이와는 다르게 RS처리구는 주당협수의 경우 무처리보다 28% 낮았으나, 종실수량(201 kg/10a)은 무처리(190 kg/10a)에 비해 6% 높았다. 본 연구에서 뿌리혹의 노화가 발생하는 개화기(R1) RS처리는 콩의 후기 생육을 유지하는 결과를 보였다. 따라서, 콩의 생식 생장 초기에 토양표면에 질소고정균을 처리하는 것이 국내의 답전윤환과 같은 불량환경 조건에서 활용 가능한 방식으로 사료된다
Abstract
In soybean (Glycine max L.), nitrogen could be supplied through biological nitrogen fixation. Even though rhizobium is widely dispersed in arable soil, it can be scarce in dry paddy fields. This may cause difficulties in initiating and performing biological nitrogen fixation in dry paddy fields. This study was conducted to analyze the potential of inoculant treatments to enhance soybean plant performance and grain yield in dry paddy fields. The treatments were 1) control (non-inoculation), 2) seed coating inoculation (SC), 3) seed coating & spray inoculation at V4 (SC+VS), 4) seed coating & spray inoculation at R1 (SC+RS), 5) spay inoculation at V4 (VS), and 6) spray inoculation at R1 (RS). The results showed that the seed coating group (SC, SC+VS, and SC+RS) had delayed plant growth compared to the control. Hence, plant height, chlorophyll content, NDVI, and performance index values of the spray inoculation group (VS and RS) showed similar values compared to the control. SC treatment had the lowest grain yield (170 kg/10a). Although the pod number per plant of RS treatment was 28% lower than the control, the grain yield of RS treatment (201 kg/10a) was 6% greater than the control (190 kg/10a). The result suggests that when the inoculant was treated the beginning of nodule senescence period (R1), plants maintained
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