상대습도에 따른 해조류 분말의 미생물 안정성 및 품질특성
Microbial Stability and Quality Characteristics of Seaweed Powder as Affected by Relative Humidity
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본 연구는 다양한 상대습도(11~93%) 조건에서 해조류의 미생물 안정성 및 품질특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 미생물 안정성은 저장 중대장균군, 일반세균, 효모 및 곰팡이수를 분석하였다. 일반세균은 상대습도 69~93%에서 4.40~7.00 log CFU/g, 효모 및 곰팡이는 4.20~6.40 log CFU/g로 상대습도 69%이상 조건에서 일반세균, 효모 및 곰팡이의 수가 급격하게 증가하였다. 고결현상은 상대습도 11~53% 조건에서는일어나지 않았으나 69, 81, 93% 조건에서는 각각 86.9, 99.45, 99.98%로 높은 고결현상을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 색도는 상대습도가 높아질수록L값과 b값이 감소하였고, a값이 증가하여 갈변현상이 일어났다. 또한, 총 페놀함량(9.10~8.66 mg GAE/100 g dw), ABTS 소거능(24.20~24.18 mg AAE/100 g dw), FRAP(15.34~15.33 mg Fe(II)/100 g dw)활성은 저장 중 상대습도 11~33%에서 가장 높게 유지되었다. 그러나, 상대습도43~93%에서 저장 중 총 페놀함량(8.66~4.00 mg GAE/100 g dw), ABTS(22.57~4.50 mg AAE/100 g dw), FRAP(13.06~4.00 mg AAE/100 g dw)활성이 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 상대습도 81% 조건에서 ABTS 및 FRAP이 1/3배로 감소하였고, 93% 조건에서 총 페놀함량, ABTS 및 FRAP이 각각 1/2배, 1/5배, 1/3배로 감소하였다. 따라서, 일반세균, 효모 및 곰팡이의 성장 억제, 고결현상 방지, 갈변억제, 높은 총 페놀함량과항산화활성 유지를 위해서는 상대습도 53% 이하의 조건에서 보관하는 것이 미생물 안정성 및 품질특성 유지에 효과적일 것으로 판단된다.
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the enhancing effect of different relative humidity(RH) conditions (11~93%) on the microbial stability and quality characteristics of seaweed. Microbial stability was analyzed for coliform, aerobic bacteria, yeast, and mold. Aerobic bacteria were 4.40~7.00 log CFU/g at RH 69~93%, and yeast and mold were 4.20~6.40 log CFU/g. Caking index significantly (p<0.05) increased during storage when samples were stored at RH 69 (86.9%), 81 (99.45%), 93% (99.98%). The color value revealed that L and b values were significantly (p<0.05) decreased while increased a value with increasing RH, thereby indicating progressive browning. Furthermore, the total phenolic contents (9.10~8.66 mg GAE/100 g dw), ABTS radical scavenging activity (24.20~24.18 mg AAE/100 g dw), and FRAP assay (15.34~15.33 mg Fe(II)/100 g dw) were the highest on RH 11~33% during storage. However, RH 43~93% were decreased total phenolic content and antioxidant activities during storage. In the condition of RH 81%, ABTS radical scavenging activity and FRAP assay were decreased 1/3 times, also in the condition of RH 93%, total phenolic content, ABTS radical scavenging activity, FRAP assay were decreased 1/2, 1/5, 1/3 times, respectively. Therefore, to suppress the microbial growth, caking phenomenon, browning reaction, and maintain high total phenolic content and antioxidant activities of seaweeds, it is expected to be effective in maintaining microbial stability and quality characteristics.
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