김수영 시에 나타난 미적 거리

Abstract

As a method of interpreting Kim Soo-young's poetry, this article aims to examine how the aesthetic distance of poetry appears according to the change in speech form by categorizing Kim Soo-young's poetry into a speaker-oriented tone, a listener- oriented tone, and a topic-oriented tone. Kim Soo-young is one of the representative poets who tried to meet the calling of the times through the war and the April 19 Revolution. I saw that there was a point in this poet's world that connected to the aesthetic distance of poetry. The poet modulates his emotions as much as possible, creates other objects or events with an objective gaze, and puts them in the poem. This is because the poetic form, which is directly expressed in the emotions of individuals, can no longer inspire or change readers. In poetry, aesthetic distance signifies the poet's detached contemplation of an object, divorced from personal and practical considerations, and embodies the poet's attitude or skill towards the object. therefore, when a poet endeavors to craft a poem, integrating the poetic subject into the realm of imagination, the adjustment of distance emerges as a pivotal factor in determining the success or failure of the text. This mindset embodies contemplation and an aesthetic approach that enables the viewer to maintain objectivity. It transcends mere temporal or spatial distance, constituting an internal detachment facilitating a proper appreciation of the artwork's aesthetic value. Effectively controlling the distance to the object is very important for aesthetic achievement, and in extreme cases, there are ‘underdistancing’ and ‘overdistancing’. Insufficient distance coordination results in a short psychological distance, resulting in a lack of emotional regulation and stylization. Excessive distance adjustment, characterized by excessive emotional suppression, can result in poetry that is overly ideological and insufficient to secure a sense of aesthetics. Additionally, because the aesthetic distance induced in poetry is based on psychological characteristics, it cannot be as accurate as the physical and spatial distance. In the process of creating poetry, aesthetic distance is closely intertwined with various poetic elements such as the object, image, speaker, and tone of the poem. Therefore, the analysis of aesthetic distance in poetry must first consider understanding where the direction of tone is in the poem, what type of speaker is related to the point of view, and thus the mental state that the speaker expresses toward the object. As a result, one can understand the aesthetic distance revealed in the poet's individual attitude along with an overall understanding of the poem.