중국의 해양인식 변화와 해양교육에 관한 연구

Abstract

this paper, we examine changes in China’s ocean awareness and education policies to strengthen ocean awareness. In particular, we look at cases related to ocean education in kindergartens, elementary and middle schools, universities, and society. The research purpose of this paper is to examine the differences between the ocean education being conducted in China and the ocean literacy education targeted by the United Nations and UNESCO. China is conducting step-by-step ocean education from kindergarten to university, and providing education to disseminate ocean knowledge to the general public. Ocean literacy education operated by various institutions such as museums, libraries, and academic societies reflects the Chinese government's maritime policy. The Chinese government is conducting a variety of education, ranging from education on learning about the ocean, protecting the ocean, and using ocean resources, to the Chinese government’s goals of ‘Dream of the Blue Ocean’, ‘Ocean Powerhouse’, and ‘Ocean Powerhouse’. In particular, education on Chinese territorial issues such as the ‘Diaoyu Island Issue’ and the ‘South China Sea Issue’ is also provided. China’s ocean education was centered on the eastern coastal region, but is gradually expanding to the inland region. In addition, education that takes place at school and education that takes place outside of school are being carried out in parallel. In universities, education integrated with political ideology is provided. The National Ocean Awareness Education Base and the National Ocean Science Popularization Education Base have been working on blue ocean education in China. China announced <the ‘13･5’ Plan for Public Ocean Awareness Propaganda and Culture Construction> and focused on integrating ocean knowledge into textbooks, classrooms, and schools and strengthening basic ocean knowledge education.