교사 컨설테이션에서 컨설턴트의 대인영향: 대인권력기반 이론의 적용과 시사점
Consultants’ Interpersonal Influence in Teacher Consultation: Application and Implications of Bases of Social Power Theory
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초록
교사 컨설테이션은 복잡한 교육적⋅심리적 문제를지닌 학생을 지도하는 일반교사(컨설티)를 상담교사, 특수교사, 심리전문가 등의 교육 및 정신건강 전문가(컨설턴트)가 체계적, 전문적으로 지원하는 과정으로, 이 과정에서 컨설턴트의 적절한 대인영향은 컨설테이션의 성과와 직결되는 중요한 요인으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 교사 컨설테이션에서 이러한 대인영향에 대한 보다 심도 있는 분석과 이해를 돕기 위한 이론적틀로서 대인권력기반 이론을 소개하고 이를 교사 컨설테이션 상황에 적용한 국외의 대표적인 연구문헌들을 개관함으로써 이 이론의 유용성을 고찰하였다. 또한 이이론에 따른 다양한 유형의 권력기반이 ‘과정전문가’로서의 컨설턴트의 역할과 역량개발에 시사하는 점을 도출하여 구체적으로 논의하였다. 교사 컨설테이션에서나타나는 컨설턴트의 대인영향에 대한 이론적, 실증적연구가 거의 없는 국내의 실정에서, 본 연구는 대인권력기반 이론이 컨설테이션에서 나타나는 대인영향의본질을 이해하고, 컨설턴트의 효과적인 대인영향 전략을 개발하는데 성공적으로 적용될 수 있음을 보여줌으로써, 교사 컨설테이션에 대한 국내 연구와 실천에 유용한 지식 기반을 제공한다. 이러한 의의와 함께 본 연구의 제한점과 후속 연구의 방향을 제언하고 논의하였다
Abstract
Teacher consultation is a process of providing psychoeducational services by consultants, such as school counselors, school psychologists, and other mental health professionals, for teachers(consultees) who interact routinely with the students and must deal with a variety of their psychological and educational problems. As the consultant’s social influences on the teachers during consultative interactions have been found directly linked to consultation outcomes, this article selectively reviewed research literature including theoretical and empirical studies that have applied the Bases of Social Power Theory to teacher consultation and examined its usefulness. Further, this study derived implications for consultation practitioners in terms of their professional development of skills and competences as “process experts”. Given that research on interpersonal influences and processes within teacher consultation is still scarce in Korea, this article calls for more attention on this topic among Korean researchers and provides practicing school-based mental health professionals with useful knowledge bases to understand their roles and functions as related to teacher consultation services. Limitations and suggestions for further study were also provided.
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