Knowledge, Knowledge… Knowledge for My Economy
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The creation of S&T knowledge and the development of S&T- based innovation has spread to developing countries, often under the direction of governments. Korea is an exemplar in this new locus. Its burst in Science and Technology during the last three decades has made Korea to stand as a substantive player in the global production of S&T knowledge at the outset of the 21st century from its previous below the average status among the OECD countries in the 1980s in terms of the S&T outcomes for its size, although the country still trails the US and other top countries in the quality of research. This paper presents evidence that Korea’s advance benefited greatly from its active participation in globalization — in higher education, in international research collaborations, and in particular from its close ties to the US. Korea’s experience leaves several lessons for other developing countries: its proof that a transition of comparative advantage is possible for a developing country; the role of activist government industrial policy; and the importance of openness are among them.
Abstract
The creation of S&T knowledge and the development of S&T- based innovation has spread to developing countries, often under the direction of governments. Korea is an exemplar in this new locus. Its burst in Science and Technology during the last three decades has made Korea to stand as a substantive player in the global production of S&T knowledge at the outset of the 21st century from its previous below the average status among the OECD countries in the 1980s in terms of the S&T outcomes for its size, although the country still trails the US and other top countries in the quality of research. This paper presents evidence that Korea’s advance benefited greatly from its active participation in globalization — in higher education, in international research collaborations, and in particular from its close ties to the US. Korea’s experience leaves several lessons for other developing countries: its proof that a transition of comparative advantage is possible for a developing country; the role of activist government industrial policy; and the importance of openness are among them.
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