직무체험이 고등부 정신지체 학생의 직업흥미에 미치는 영향- 자동차, 건물관리, 식당서비스, 가사 영역을 중심으로-
The Effect of job experience on vocational interest of high schoolstudents with mental retardation - Contenting around Automative, Building Trades, Food Service,Housekeeping interest areas -
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이 연구의 목적은 직무체험이 고등부 정신지체 학생의 직업흥미에 어떤 영향을 미치는지, 그리고 직업흥미 영역별 변화 순위는 어떠한지를 알아보는데 있다. 이를 위해 대전ㆍ충청ㆍ강원 지역 고등부 정신지체 학생 57명을 실험집단으로 선정하였고, 3박 4일 동안 기숙생활을 하면서 대전직업능력개발센터에서 개발한 직무체험프로그램(2004년)을 실시하였다. 직무체험 프로그램은 자동차, 건물관리, 식당서비스, 가사의 4가지 직업영역으로 구성되었으며, 직무체험의 영향을 알아보기 위하여 직무체험 프로그램의 실시 전과 후에 직업흥미 검사를 실시하여 그 결과를 비교하였다. 연구에서 사용된 설계는 이질집단 전후검사 설계이며, 자료처리는 만 휘트니 U 검정과 프리드만 검정을 이용하였다. 이 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다: 첫째, 직무체험이 고등부 정신지체 학생의 직업흥미에 미치는 영향을 알아본 결과, 자동차와 가사 영역은 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다(p<.05). 건물관리와 식당서비스 영역에서는 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다; 둘째, 직업흥미 영역별 변화 순위는 자동차, 가사, 식당서비스, 건물관리의 순서로 나타났다. 순위의 실제적 양상을 알아보기 위해 사후검정을 실시한 결과, 자동차 흥미 영역은 건물관리와 식당서비스와 유의한 차이를 보였고(p<.05), 가사 흥미 영역은 건물관리와 식당서비스와 유의한 차이를 보였으며(p<.05), 자동차와 가사, 건물관리와 식당서비스는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 즉, 첫 번째 순위는 자동차와 가사, 두 번째 순위는 식당서비스와 건물관리 영역임을 알 수 있었다. 이 연구결과에 비추어 볼 때, 정신지체 학생들의 직업흥미 영역을 확대시키고 변화를 유도할 수 있는 교육활동의 일환으로 다양한 직무체험 프로그램을 활용할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of job experience on vocational interest and the changed order of vocational interest areas of high school students with mental retardation after application of job experience program. The subjects of experimental group were 57 students with mental retardation and selected from high school in DaejeonㆍChungcheongㆍGangwon provision. They lived in dormitory during a four-day and involved in job experience program which was developed by Daejeon Vocational Competency Development Center for the Disabled(2004). Job experience program consisted of four vocation areas of Automative, Building Trades, Food Service and Housekeeping, and pre- and post-vocational interest inventory was conducted and analysed to compare the effect of job experience. This study employed nonequivalent control group pretest and posttest design and Mann-Whitney U test and Friedman test were used for data analysis. The results as follows: First, the effect of job experience on vocational interest had significant differences in Automative and Housekeeping areas(p<.05), but was not significantly different in Building Trades and Food Service areas; Second, the changed order of vocational interest areas showed Automative, Housekeeping, Food Service and Building Trades in turn. The results of the post hoc test, Automative was significantly different with Building Trade and Food Service, and Housekeeping was significantly different with Building Trade and Food Service(p<.05). Automative had not significant difference with Housekeeping, and Building Trade was not significantly different with Food Services. The results of this study showed that job experience program as the kind of educational activity was used to enlarged and changed in vocational interest areas of high school students with mental retardation.
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