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결핵균과 비결핵 항산균 검출을 위한 AdvanSure TB/NTM Plus Real-Time PCR의 평가

Evaluation of the AdvanSure TB/NTM Plus Real-Time PCR Assay for the Simultaneous Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Nontuberculous Mycobacteria from Clinical Specimens

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배경: AdvanSure TB/NTM plus real-time PCR (AdvanSure plus PCR; LG Chem., Korea)는 최근에 소개된 분자 진단 방법으로 다양한 검체에서 빠르게 결핵균(Mycobacterium tuberculosis)과 비결핵항산균(nontuberculous mycobacteria, NTM)을 동시에 검출할 수 있는 방법이다. AdvanSure plus PCR 검사 키트는 기존의 AdvanSure TB/NTM real-time PCR (AdvanSure PCR; LG Chem., Korea) 검사 키트와 비교하여 검출부위를 변경하여 중복 감염 시 소량의 NTM을 검출할 수 있게 하여 NTM 진단의 민감도를 높여 개발되었다. 이번 연구에서는 AdvanSure plus PCR 검사 키트와 AdvanSure PCR 검사 키트의 성능을 항산균 배양 결과와 비교 및 평가해 보고자 한다. 방법: 총 결핵균 혹은 NTM 감염이 의심되는 환자로부터 얻어진 199개의 임상 검체로 AdvanSure plus PCR, AdvanSure PCR, 항산균 도말 검사, 항산균 배양 검사를 시행하였다. 또한 항산균 배양을 통해 결핵균 혹은 NTM이 동정된 200개의 DNA 검체를 이용하여 AdvanSure plus PCR 키트를추가적으로 평가하였다. 결핵균 100개와 NTM 100개를 포함하였으며, NTM의 균종은 다음과같다 (M. intracellulare (n=37), M. avium (n=28), M. abscessus (n=14), M. gordonae (n=6), M. fortuitum (n=5), M. kansasii (n=4) 기타 (n=26)). 항산균 배양 결과를 기준으로 하여, AdvanSure plus PCR 키트와 AdvanSure PCR 키트의 민감도와 특이도를 비교하였다. 결과: 실시간 중합효소연쇄반응법 시스템을 이용한 두 방법간의 일치율은 94.0% (187/199)였다(Kappa=0.94). 항산균 배양 결과를 기준으로 하였을 때, AdvanSure plus PCR 키트의 결핵균 검출에대한 민감도는 100% (45/45)이고 특이도는 83.8% (129/154)였으며, AdvanSure PCR 키트는 100%(45/45)와 99.3% (153/154)였다. 또한 NTM 검출에 있어서 AdvanSure plus PCR 키트의 민감도는68.0% (17/25), 특이도는 90.2% (157/174)이며, AdvanSure PCR 키트는 민감도 64.0% (16/25), 특이도95.4% (166/174)를 보였다. 배양 양성 검체를 대상으로 했을 때, 100개의 결핵균 검체와 100개의NTM 검체 모두 각각 AdvanSure plus PCR 키트에서 양성을 보였으며, 이중 7개의 검체는 혼합 양성을 보였다. 결론: 실시간 중합효소연쇄반응법을 이용한 AdvanSure PCR과 AdvanSure plus PCR은 모두 결핵균을 검출하는데 민감도가 매우 높았으나, NTM을 검출함에 있어서는 덜 민감하였다. AdvanSure plus PCR의 검출에 AdvanSure PCR보다 민감하여 임상검체와 배양균주에서 결핵균과 NTM을 동시 검출하는 방법으로 사용할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

Abstract

Background: The AdvanSure TB/NTM plus real-time PCR (AdvanSure plus PCR; LG Chem., Korea) assay has been developed to increase the diagnostic sensitivity of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) compared with the currently used the AdvanSure TB/NTM real-time PCR (AdvanSure PCR; LG Chem., Korea) assay. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the performance of the AdvanSure plus PCR comparing the results with mycobacterial culture and the AdvanSure PCR. Methods: Patients (n=199) with suspected NTM or Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) were tested using AdvanSure plus PCR, AdvanSure PCR, acid-fast bacilli staining, and mycobacteria culture. Additionally, 200 DNA samples (n=100, MTC and n=100, NTM) were obtained from positive MTC or NTM cultures for evaluation using the AdvanSure plus PCR assay. Results: The two real-time PCR systems showed a 94.0% (n=187/199) concordance rate (Kappa=0.94). Based on culture results, the sensitivity and specificity for the detection of MTC were 100% (45/45) and 83.8% (129/154) using AdvanSure plus PCR, and 100.0% (45/45) and 99.3% (153/154) using AdvanSure PCR, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity for NTM detection were 68.0% (n=17/25) and 90.2% (n=157/174), respectively, with AdvanSure plus PCR, and 64.0% (n=16/25) and 95.4% (n=166/174), respectively, using AdvanSure PCR. With culturepositive samples, AdvanSure plus PCR tested positive for 100% of both the MTC and NTM specimens. Seven (out of 200) culture-positive samples tested positive for both MTC and NTM using the AdvanSure plus PCR. Conclusion: AdvanSure plus PCR had increased sensitivity but decreased specificity compared with AdvanSure PCR for the detection of NTM. The AdvanSure plus PCR assay can be used for the simultaneous detection of MTC and NTM in direct specimen and culture.

참고문헌 (22)

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