무용 유형별 여자고등학생 및 여대생의 골밀도에 관한 연구
Bone Mineral Density in Different Types of Dance : Female High School and College Students
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본 연구는 16세에서 24세의 여학생 167명으로 전공별 무용, 즉 한국무용(n=65), 현대무용(n=45), 발레(n=57)대상자로 골밀도를 분석하였다. 측정은 이중 에너지 방사선 골밀도 측정법(Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry, DEXA)을 이용하여 요추(Lumbar spine, L₂-L₄), 대퇴 경부(Femoral neck), 대퇴 전자부(Greater trochanter), 대퇴 삼각부(Ward’s triangle) 를 측정하였다. 본 연구의 자료의 처리는 SAS(Statistical Analysis Systems) 통계 패키지를 이용하여 각 변인들 간의 평균값(M)과 표준편차(SD)를 산출하였고 일반 선형 모형 General Linear Model (GLM)을 이용하여 골밀도에 연령, 월경의 규칙과 불규칙, 초경의 나이, 운동경력, BMI를 보정한 후, 비교분석하였으며, 사후분석은 Scheffe를 이용하였다. 총 요추의 평균 골밀도를 살펴본 결과, 무용유형별 집단 간의 유의한 차가 있는 것으로 나타났다(p<.001). 이를 사후분석한 결과, 현대무용집단의 평균 골밀도가 한국무용 및 발레집단보다 높은 것으로 나타났다(p<.05). 골밀도에 영향을 주는 여러 인자들을 통제한 후, 총 대퇴 골밀도(Proximal femur)를 비교한 결과에서도 현대무용집단이 발레 및 한국무용집단보다 높은 골밀도를 보여주고 있다(p<.05). 결론적으로, 무용유형별로는 현대무용이 발레, 한국무용에 비하여 골밀도가 높은 것으로 나타났고, 발레와 한국무용은 골밀도에 유의한 차가 없다고 볼 수 있으며, 현대무용이 요추 및 대퇴부의 골밀도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 사료된다.
Abstract
This study examined the association between dancing types and bone mineral density (BMD) in female high school and college students. The subjects comprised of 167 female dancers (aged 16 to 24 years): ballet (n=57); Korean dance (n=65); modern dance (n=45). Duel energy x-ray absorptiometry(DEXA) was used to measure areal bone density in lumber spine (L2-L4), femoral neck, femoral trochanter, and Ward's triangle. BMD in lumber spine was estimated using an arithmetic average of L2-L4 and BMD in proximal femur was calculated using an average of femoral neck, femoral trochanter, and Ward's triangle. General linear models were used to test mean differences of BMDs across ballet, Korean dance, and modern dance categories with adjustment for covariates. Schefee’s post-hoc tests were used to detect mean differences across different dance categories. After adjustment for age, menstrual abnormality, age at menarche, years of exercise, and body mass index, there were significantmean differences in lumbar spine (p<0.001), proximal femur (p<0.001), femoral neck (p<0.001), trochanter (p<0.001), and Ward’s triangle (p=0.004), respectively, across ballet, Korean dance, and modern dance categories. Modern dancers had greater BMDs in lumber spine, proximal femur, trochanter, and Ward’s triangle when compared with ballet and Korean dancers (p<0.05), but there were no statistical differences in these BMDs between Ballet and Korean dancers. For the femoral neck, modern dancers had a greater BMD as compared with Korean dancers, but had a similar BMD as Ballet dancers. We conclude that modern dancers had better BMDs in lumber spine and proximal femur as compared with ballet or Korean dancers.
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