Complete genome analysis of representative methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical strains prevalent in Korea during 2014-2017
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Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major pathogenresponsible for various clinical infections. The investigation of representative MRSA genomesis important for understanding their molecular epidemiology and genetic evolution, as well asMRSA infections. We characterized the complete genome sequences of representative MRSAclinical strains prevalent in Korea between 2014 and 2017. Methods: Ten representative clinical MRSA strains were selected based on the staphylococcalcassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) type. Complete genomes were generated via hybridassembly using long- and short-read sequencing. Analyses of resistance and virulencegenes, whole-genome alignment, phylogenetic tree construction, and comparative genomehybridization were performed. Results: The average chromosomal lengths were 2.916 Mb in SCCmec II (n = 6), 2.920 Mbin SCCmec IV (n = 2), and 2.777 Mb in SCCmec IVA (n = 2). The number of genome codingsequences ranged from 2,713 to 3,026, with an average of 2,946 in SCCmec II, 3,001 in SCCmecIV, and 2,740 in SCCmec IVA. Only the SCCmec IV and spa t008 strains (n = 2) harbored thePanton–Valentine leukocidin gene, which is rarely detected in Korea. The SCCmec IVA strainsof ST72 showed a distinct genetic group compared with other representative SCCmec IVstrains, as determined by single-nucleotide polymorphism analysis. Conclusion: In the present study, the complete and gap-filled genome sequences ofrepresentative MRSA clones prevalent in Korea were derived and characterized by genomesize, virulence, antimicrobial resistance genes, and their evolutionary relationships. Information on these clinical MRSA strains would enhance our understanding of thepathogenicity and molecular epidemiology of Korean MRSA isolates.
Abstract
Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major pathogenresponsible for various clinical infections. The investigation of representative MRSA genomesis important for understanding their molecular epidemiology and genetic evolution, as well asMRSA infections. We characterized the complete genome sequences of representative MRSAclinical strains prevalent in Korea between 2014 and 2017. Methods: Ten representative clinical MRSA strains were selected based on the staphylococcalcassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) type. Complete genomes were generated via hybridassembly using long- and short-read sequencing. Analyses of resistance and virulencegenes, whole-genome alignment, phylogenetic tree construction, and comparative genomehybridization were performed. Results: The average chromosomal lengths were 2.916 Mb in SCCmec II (n = 6), 2.920 Mbin SCCmec IV (n = 2), and 2.777 Mb in SCCmec IVA (n = 2). The number of genome codingsequences ranged from 2,713 to 3,026, with an average of 2,946 in SCCmec II, 3,001 in SCCmecIV, and 2,740 in SCCmec IVA. Only the SCCmec IV and spa t008 strains (n = 2) harbored thePanton–Valentine leukocidin gene, which is rarely detected in Korea. The SCCmec IVA strainsof ST72 showed a distinct genetic group compared with other representative SCCmec IVstrains, as determined by single-nucleotide polymorphism analysis. Conclusion: In the present study, the complete and gap-filled genome sequences ofrepresentative MRSA clones prevalent in Korea were derived and characterized by genomesize, virulence, antimicrobial resistance genes, and their evolutionary relationships. Information on these clinical MRSA strains would enhance our understanding of thepathogenicity and molecular epidemiology of Korean MRSA isolates.