비판적 다문화주의를 통한 다인종 문학의 검토와 마마데이의 『새벽으로 지은 집』다시 읽기
A Critical Multicultural Investigation of Multiethnic Literature: Rereading Momaday’s House Made of Dawn
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The estimation and understanding of multiethnic literature or multicultural literature has gone back to the past because of conservative tendencies in American society in the aftermath of ‘September 11,’ and depoliticized and dehistorized multiculturalism. So, this paper aims to seek out the right estimation and understanding of multiethnic literature by rereading a multiethnic literary text within the frame of critical multiculturalism. The text examined is N. Scott Momaday’s House Made of Dawn. For this purpose, the paper strongly describes social, political, and historical realities and power relationship related with characters and happenings in the text according to critical multiculturalism which stresses social, political, and historical practices. This reading shows the reality of Native Americans in the past produced by colonial suppression and massacre, and underlines that the reality still remains in the present. Therefore, this reading is essential for correcting the distorted reading and understanding of multiethnic literary texts from the multicultural perspectives that have secretly the ideology of assimilationist pluralism or eurocentric assimilationism. Critical multiculturalism criticizes some multicultural viewpoints that praise racial difference and fossilize racial discrimination without revealing power relationship between ethnic minorities and whites. For correcting these viewpoints, critical multiculturalism focuses on the material, historical productions of difference, and strongly emphasizes historic and political sides of discrimination. In a rereading of House Made of Dawn, these criticism and proposition are applied in an examination of the power relationship between White peoples and Native Americans for a right understanding of racial difference in the era of cultural communication and hybridization.
Abstract
The estimation and understanding of multiethnic literature or multicultural literature has gone back to the past because of conservative tendencies in American society in the aftermath of ‘September 11,’ and depoliticized and dehistorized multiculturalism. So, this paper aims to seek out the right estimation and understanding of multiethnic literature by rereading a multiethnic literary text within the frame of critical multiculturalism. The text examined is N. Scott Momaday’s House Made of Dawn. For this purpose, the paper strongly describes social, political, and historical realities and power relationship related with characters and happenings in the text according to critical multiculturalism which stresses social, political, and historical practices. This reading shows the reality of Native Americans in the past produced by colonial suppression and massacre, and underlines that the reality still remains in the present. Therefore, this reading is essential for correcting the distorted reading and understanding of multiethnic literary texts from the multicultural perspectives that have secretly the ideology of assimilationist pluralism or eurocentric assimilationism. Critical multiculturalism criticizes some multicultural viewpoints that praise racial difference and fossilize racial discrimination without revealing power relationship between ethnic minorities and whites. For correcting these viewpoints, critical multiculturalism focuses on the material, historical productions of difference, and strongly emphasizes historic and political sides of discrimination. In a rereading of House Made of Dawn, these criticism and proposition are applied in an examination of the power relationship between White peoples and Native Americans for a right understanding of racial difference in the era of cultural communication and hybridization.
참고문헌 (24)
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