노년기 사회기술향상 프로그램의 효과
The Effects of Social Skills Training Program in the Elderly
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초록
본 연구는 노인을 대상으로 사회기술향상 프로그램의 효과를 알아보기 위해 수행되었다. 사회기능은 노화가 진행되면서 인지기능과 함께 감퇴하는 양상을 보이는데, 본 연구에서는 정서 및 마음 읽기, 공감하기, 표현하기, 인지훈련 등으로 구성된 총 10회기의 사회기술향상 프로그램을 실시하여 사회기술의 기반이 되는 인지기능만 다룬 프로그램을 시행한 비교집단 및 아무런 처치를 하지 않은 통제집단과 그 효과를 비교하였다. 참가자는 총 86명으로, 실험집단 30명(M=72.17세, SD=4.02), 비교집단 29명(M=75.00세, SD=5.78), 통제집단 27명(M=70.67세, SD=3.23)이었고, 사전, 사후, 추후검사를 실시하여 정서지능, 공감, 감정표현, 정서상태, 정서 및 마음 읽기에 대한 평가 점수 차이를 분석하였다. 프로그램 종료 직후에 실시한 사후검사와 종료 한 달 후에 실시한 추후검사를 통해 실험집단은 비교 및 통제집단에 비해 정서지능의 일부 하위 영역, 공감능력 및 마음 읽기 척도 점수가 향상되었으며 주관적 행복감이 증가하고 우울감이 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과는 본 프로그램이 노년기 사회기술의 향상 및 유지에 도움이 될 수 있음을 시사한다. 논의에서 본 연구의 의의, 제한점, 추후연구에 대해 기술하였다.
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of a social skills training program for older adults. The program was composed of education and training regarding social role and social relationship, identification and differentiation of emotions, empathy, expression of emotions and thoughts, mind reading, etc. Thirty older adults (M=72.17, SD=4.02) of the experiment group were compared with 29 older adults (M=75.00, SD=5.78) who participated in the cognitive training program and 27 older adults (M=70.67, SD=3.23) without any treatment. Trained older adults showed benefits in emotion regulation, empathy, mind reading, and subjective well-being, and parts of these training benefits were maintained at a one month follow-up. These findings suggest that this program may either help the maintenance or improvement of older adults' social skills. Result implication, research limitations and suggestions for further research are discussed.
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