존 키츠의 『엔디미언』에 나타난 주체화 과정:우울에서 애도로
The Process of Subjectivity in John Keats’s Endymion: From Melancholy to Mourning
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This paper will examine the nature of mourning and melancholia in John Keats’s Endymion. It is deeply related to the process of subjectivity in psychoanalysis. According to Freud and Lacan, there is a difference between mourning and melancholia. Both are reactions to the loss of an object whom the subject loved. Mourning is a stage where the subject shifts the object of his love to another, whereas melancholia is a state in which the subject is unable to erase or change the object of his love. This leads the subject into a state of depression and disturbing self-regard. If the subject does not experience the process of mourning after the loss of an object, it is not possible to function on a normal level. These works reveal that mourning is an essential part in the process of subjectivity. In Endymion, the main character suffers severe depression because he can no longer meet his lover, the goddess of the moon. She is a figure idealized by Endymion. Endymion's love for the goddess represents a young child refusing to abandon his love for his mother. If Endymion does not give up his love for Cynthia, he will continuously wander in a state of melancholia. However, if he gives up his love for the heavenly woman and embraces the earthly, Indian lady, it would allow him to recover from the state of melancholia and reach a normal state.
Abstract
This paper will examine the nature of mourning and melancholia in John Keats’s Endymion. It is deeply related to the process of subjectivity in psychoanalysis. According to Freud and Lacan, there is a difference between mourning and melancholia. Both are reactions to the loss of an object whom the subject loved. Mourning is a stage where the subject shifts the object of his love to another, whereas melancholia is a state in which the subject is unable to erase or change the object of his love. This leads the subject into a state of depression and disturbing self-regard. If the subject does not experience the process of mourning after the loss of an object, it is not possible to function on a normal level. These works reveal that mourning is an essential part in the process of subjectivity. In Endymion, the main character suffers severe depression because he can no longer meet his lover, the goddess of the moon. She is a figure idealized by Endymion. Endymion's love for the goddess represents a young child refusing to abandon his love for his mother. If Endymion does not give up his love for Cynthia, he will continuously wander in a state of melancholia. However, if he gives up his love for the heavenly woman and embraces the earthly, Indian lady, it would allow him to recover from the state of melancholia and reach a normal state.
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