취학 전 아동과 부모 간의 상호작용 행동 평가를 위한 K-MBRS와 K-CBRS의 타당화 연구
The validation study of parent-child interactive rating scale(K-MBRS & K-CBRS) in early childhood
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초록
본 연구는 Mahoney가 개발한 어머니행동 평가척도(MBRS: Maternal Behavior Rating Scale)와 아동행동 평가척도(CBRS: Child Behavior Rating Scale)의 한국에서의 적용 타당화를 검증하기 위하여 내적 신뢰도와 구성 타당도를 분석하고 한국판 지침을 제안하고자 하였다. 연구대상은 서울과 경기 지역에 거주하는 8개월에서 75개월 사이의 취학 전 아동 77명과 그 어머니 들이다. 부모-아동 간의 상호작용 행동 평가를 위하여 부모-아동이 연령에 적합한 놀이감을 가지고 약 10분간 자유 놀이하는 장면을 비디오 녹화하였다. 비디오 녹화된 자료는 일정기간 평가자 훈련을 거친 두 명의 평가자에 의해 독립적으로 평가되었다. 평가자간 일치도는 Kappa계수가 K-MBRS .72, K-MBRS .75였다. 연구결과, 한국판 MBRS와 CBRS의 내적 합치도 Cronbach α값은 K-MBRS .86, K-CBRS .81이었다. 요인분석 결과, K-MBRS는 12개 항목의 3개 요인구조로 탐색되었으며, 요인명은 각각 반응적행동 요인, 효율적행동 요인, 그리고 지시적행동 요인으로 명명하였다. 한편 K-CBRS는 7개 항목의 2개 요인구조로 탐색되었으며, 요인명은 활동적행동 요인과 사회적행동 요인으로 명명하였다. 한편, 한국판 MBRS와 CBRS의 요인과 하위항목들의 점수를 연령별로 비교 분석한 결과, 어머니의 반응적행동 요인과 아동의 활동적행동 요인 점수는 아동의 연령과 상관이 있는 것으로 나타났다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Korean version of Maternal Behavior Rating Scale(MBRS) and Child Behavior Rating Scale(CBRS) by Mahoney(1999) and confirm an appropriate manual and procedure for its use in Korean. The study consisted of a sample of 77 parent-child dyads, in range of 8 to 75 months of age. Parent were videotaped while playing with their children with a standard set of developmentally appropriate toys during about 10 minutes. These observations were coded with the Korean Maternal Behavior Rating Scale to asses mother's style interaction and Korean Child Behavior Rationg Scale to assess children's pivotal behavior. Collected data were coded by two raters independently with the items of K-MBRS & K-CBRS on a 5-point Likert scale. The results were as follows; First, K-MBRS and K-CBRS had sufficient internal reliability, Cronbach α of K-MBRS was .86. and K-CBRS was .81. Second, the result of factor analysis indicated that K-MBRS accounted three factor model, while two factor model is the best for the data of K- CBRS. Third, in addition this study was to analyze the effect of maternal interactive style over children's ages. As a result, maternal 'responsive behavior' and children's 'activity behavior' factor had an impact on children's age. However the younger their children are, the more responsive mothers were to interact with their children.
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