불결한 여성성과 오염된 인종, 혹은 비체: 진 리스의 『어둠속의 항해』
Filthy Sexuality and Contaminated Race: The Abject in Jean Rhys’s Voyage in the Dark
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Abstract
Jean Rhys’s Voyage in the Dark concerns a “downward career” of Anna, a white West Indian Creole girl in England where she is conceived as an embodiment of filthy sexuality and contaminated race. Adopting Kristeva’s abjection, this paper examines Anna’s ambivalent attitude toward her sexual and racial degradations. According to Kristeva, the subject is both attracted to and repulsed by abjection that collapses the boundaries between subject/object and inside/outside. Although Anna’s paradoxical attitude toward prostitution, fear and happiness, has frequently been read as a sign of her passivity and helplessness, it might be interpreted as a response to the cultural equation of the prostitute and the black female. Ambivalently located in-between the West Indies and England, Anna wants to be black and identify with Afro-Caribbean women. Because the prostitute was culturally coded as the black female in nineteenth and early twentieth century Europe, Anna sees something black in the excessive sexuality of prostitution. Anna’s abortion and subsequent bleeding marks another prime moment of abjection in the novel. By introducing the parallel between Carnival and Anna’s hemorrhage, which I read as examples of the grotesque and abjection, respectively, Rhys points to the West Indian communal culture and female bonding with West Indian women as a possible, if not immediately available, source of Anna’s uplifting.
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