The Negative Flâneuse in Jean Rhys’s Voyage in the Dark
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This paper examines Jean Rhys’s negative flâneuse and how it is embodied in Voyage in the Dark. Rhys explores the physical and psychological experiences of marginal urban women. Rhys describes how they are driven to position themselves as sexual commodities due to their deplorable conditions, while also addressing the fear in urban spaces experienced by her abject flâneuse. As a Creole immigrant and a chorus-girl, Anna Morgan in Voyage is exiled culturally and sexually. She is labeled as the embodiment of Creole laxity and is marked as a tart and a prostitute even before she enters prostitution. Anna slides into seduction and is degraded into poverty, drunkenness, and inept prostitution with neither the determination nor the resoluteness to prevent it. Anna is circulated as a sexual commodity through consumerist society by the insatiable longings of men and her own desires. Rhys depicts Anna’s fear, disgust, victimization, loss, and pain in her hallucinations. Rhys emphasizes the city’s hostility to women, which drives them into self-destructive ways such as drinking alcohol, sleeping with a chain of men, having an abortion, and succumbing to hysteria.
Abstract
This paper examines Jean Rhys’s negative flâneuse and how it is embodied in Voyage in the Dark. Rhys explores the physical and psychological experiences of marginal urban women. Rhys describes how they are driven to position themselves as sexual commodities due to their deplorable conditions, while also addressing the fear in urban spaces experienced by her abject flâneuse. As a Creole immigrant and a chorus-girl, Anna Morgan in Voyage is exiled culturally and sexually. She is labeled as the embodiment of Creole laxity and is marked as a tart and a prostitute even before she enters prostitution. Anna slides into seduction and is degraded into poverty, drunkenness, and inept prostitution with neither the determination nor the resoluteness to prevent it. Anna is circulated as a sexual commodity through consumerist society by the insatiable longings of men and her own desires. Rhys depicts Anna’s fear, disgust, victimization, loss, and pain in her hallucinations. Rhys emphasizes the city’s hostility to women, which drives them into self-destructive ways such as drinking alcohol, sleeping with a chain of men, having an abortion, and succumbing to hysteria.
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