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책읽기 중재 시 어휘 노출 빈도 및 학령전기 아동들의 어휘력, 작업기억 능력이 표현어휘 학습에 미치는 영향

The Effect of Word Exposure Intensity, Vocabulary Skills, and Working Memory on Preschool Children’s Expressive Word Learning during Book Reading Intervention

임동선|김신영|채미선
한국심리학회 산하 한국발달심리학회 (The Korean Society For Developmental Psychology)|2020.09|한국심리학회지: 발달 (THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY)|제33권 제3호|pp. 89-114|DOI 10.35574/KJDP.2020.9.33.3.89

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참고문헌

키워드

작업기억Preschool Children어휘 학습학령전기 아동Working Memory책읽기 중재Book Reading InterventionWord Learning
주제분류심리과학

초록

본 연구는 책읽기를 통한 어휘 중재 시 어휘의 노출 빈도에 따른 표현어휘 학습 효과를 검토하고, 어휘 능력과 작업기억 능력 가운데 책읽기를 통한 표현어휘 학습 수행력을 유의하게 설명하는 요인이 무엇인지 검토하였다. 본 연구에는 4-6세 아동 25명이 참여하였으며, 아동들의 어휘능력은 수용・표현어휘력 검사로, 작업기억 능력은 비단어 따라말하기, 단어 목록 회상하기, 매트릭스 과제로 평가하였다. 4권의 책으로 책읽기 중재를 실시하고, 목표어휘를 12회와 24회 노출시켰을 때의 표현어휘 학습 수행력을 대응표본 t-검정을 통해 비교하였다. 또한 단계적 중다회귀분석을 통해 각각의 어휘학습 수행력을 설명하는 요인을 검증하고자 하였다. 본 연구의 결과, 목표어휘를 24회 노출했을 때의 수행력이 12회 노출한 경우보다 표현어휘 학습 수행력이 유의하게 높았다. 목표어휘 12회 노출 시의 표현어휘 학습 수행력을 설명해주는 요인은 단어 목록 회상 및 매트릭스 과제 수행력이었으며, 24회 노출 시의 유의한 설명 요인은 단어 목록 회상 과제 수행력 및 표현어휘력인 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과 어휘의 반복 노출이 표현어휘 학습에 미치는 효과를 확인하였으며, 어휘가 노출되는 빈도에 따라 표현어휘 학습 수행력을 설명하는 요인이 달라짐을 밝혔다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the intensity of word exposure on expressive word learning and to find a better predictor for word learning between vocabulary skills and working memory (WM) during book reading intervention. Twenty-five children aged between 4 to 6 participated in this study. Standardized receptive and expressive vocabulary tests and three WM tasks (nonword repetition, word list recall, and matrix) were administered. The book reading intervention was provided using four books, with 2 different condition varying number of exposures of target words, which was 12 and 24 exposures, respectively. The number of acquired words of each condition was compared through a paired t-test and a stepwise multiple regression analysis were used to find predictors of word learning. The number of acquired expressive words was significantly higher in 24 exposures compared to 12 exposures. Word list recall and matrix scores significantly predicted expressive word learning in 12 exposures, and word list recall and expressive vocabulary scores predicted expressive word learning in 24 exposures. These results confirm the effects of repeated exposure on word learning and indicate that the factors that predict expressive word learning could be vary depending on the intensity of word exposure.

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