마르틴 오 카인의 「브라이트시티로 가는 길」-신화와 편견 사이의 아일랜드 여성과 농민
Máirtín Ó Cadhain’s “The Road to Brightcity” - Irish Peasants and Women between Myth and Prejudice
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The purpose of this paper is to understand the reality of the Irish peasants and women misunderstood both by the myth of Irish nationalism and by the prejudice of British imperialism through Máirtín Ó Cadhain’s “The Road to Brightcity.” It is well known that till the early nineteenth century the popular British media tended to represent the Irish peasant as “Paddy,” a comic, drunken buffoon. The picture of Irish peasant, however, was turned from the middle of the century to that of a dangerous subhuman, a White Negro or the human chimpanzee. To the British public the peasant incarnated the barbarism and savagery of Irish rural life. But the Irish nationalist discourse challenged the dehumanized picture by the English; it began to portray the peasant as a noble, honest, and organic. They became a spiritual figure, the archetype of the Celtic Ireland. From Pan-Celtic movement, through Gaelic League and Literary Revival, the peasant appeared to be the source of imagination for reviving and revitalizing the colonial Ireland. “The Road to Brightcity,” set in the time around the First World War and the Irish War of Independence, shows the reality of the life-world of Irish peasantry through the tragic-comic journey to Brightcity by Brid, a young peasant woman. Signified by the “crucifying” walk to the city, her life implies that the peasant community is located between hope and despair, life and death, joy and terror, restraint and desire, holy and worldly, reality and fantasy, individual and community, nature and civilization, etc. Ó Cadhain wants to tell us that the world of peasant society is neither barbaric nor mythic, as imagined respectively by the Irish patriotic nationalists and the British ethnic imperialist. He knows that its tradition is invaded both by the threatening wave of civilization and materialism, and also by myth and prejudice.
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to understand the reality of the Irish peasants and women misunderstood both by the myth of Irish nationalism and by the prejudice of British imperialism through Máirtín Ó Cadhain’s “The Road to Brightcity.” It is well known that till the early nineteenth century the popular British media tended to represent the Irish peasant as “Paddy,” a comic, drunken buffoon. The picture of Irish peasant, however, was turned from the middle of the century to that of a dangerous subhuman, a White Negro or the human chimpanzee. To the British public the peasant incarnated the barbarism and savagery of Irish rural life. But the Irish nationalist discourse challenged the dehumanized picture by the English; it began to portray the peasant as a noble, honest, and organic. They became a spiritual figure, the archetype of the Celtic Ireland. From Pan-Celtic movement, through Gaelic League and Literary Revival, the peasant appeared to be the source of imagination for reviving and revitalizing the colonial Ireland. “The Road to Brightcity,” set in the time around the First World War and the Irish War of Independence, shows the reality of the life-world of Irish peasantry through the tragic-comic journey to Brightcity by Brid, a young peasant woman. Signified by the “crucifying” walk to the city, her life implies that the peasant community is located between hope and despair, life and death, joy and terror, restraint and desire, holy and worldly, reality and fantasy, individual and community, nature and civilization, etc. Ó Cadhain wants to tell us that the world of peasant society is neither barbaric nor mythic, as imagined respectively by the Irish patriotic nationalists and the British ethnic imperialist. He knows that its tradition is invaded both by the threatening wave of civilization and materialism, and also by myth and prejudice.
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