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융을 통해 본 『크랜포드』의 무의식: 마틸다와 매티

Jungian Study of Unconsciousness in Cranford: Matilda and Matty

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초록

This study is to analyse the unconsciousness of Cranford and its people through C. G. Jung’s ideas from analytic psychology to assert that Cranford is about the unity and balance of inner self and persona, light side and shadow side, feminity and masculinity. Cranford has been a place for discussion where feminity and masculinity were striving for superiority, and I’d like to show that it is more than that. I follow the four steps of repression, suppression, crisis, and balance to draw a psychological map of the main character Matilda and the Cranford community. In the repression part, I analyse the background of the shaping of this animus-possessed community inspecting what was repressed in its unconsciousness. In the second part, I distinguish the persona of Matilda and Matty’s inner self. After that, I look through the appearance and the disappearance of a shadow without solving any spiritual conflicts. Finally, I propose that Matilda’s deed of renouncing her position and wealth to express her inner self is an act of achieving individuation which is a primary factor for unity since individuation is in-dividual.

Abstract

This study is to analyse the unconsciousness of Cranford and its people through C. G. Jung’s ideas from analytic psychology to assert that Cranford is about the unity and balance of inner self and persona, light side and shadow side, feminity and masculinity. Cranford has been a place for discussion where feminity and masculinity were striving for superiority, and I’d like to show that it is more than that. I follow the four steps of repression, suppression, crisis, and balance to draw a psychological map of the main character Matilda and the Cranford community. In the repression part, I analyse the background of the shaping of this animus-possessed community inspecting what was repressed in its unconsciousness. In the second part, I distinguish the persona of Matilda and Matty’s inner self. After that, I look through the appearance and the disappearance of a shadow without solving any spiritual conflicts. Finally, I propose that Matilda’s deed of renouncing her position and wealth to express her inner self is an act of achieving individuation which is a primary factor for unity since individuation is in-dividual.

참고문헌 (19)

  1. 김혜주, "자투리와 소소한 기회의 활용 : 개스켈의 『크랜포드』에 나타난 잉여와 여성", 석사, 영어영문학과 문학전공, pp.2012
  2. 박경화, "크랜포드의 앵글로 인디언과 잉여 여성들", 영어영문학, 47(1), pp.185~205 (2001)
  3. 홍은주, "융의 분석심리학과 신화" (2012), 시그마프레스
  4. 이석구, "크랜포드는 누구를 위한 유토피아인가", 영어영문학, 47(3), pp.891~912 (2001)
  5. Auerbach, Nina, "Elizabeth Gaskell’s ‘Sly Javeilins’ Governing Women in Cranford and Haworth", Modern Language Quarterly, 38(3), pp.276~292 (1977)
  6. Dodsworth, Martain, "Women without Men at Cranford", Essays in Criticism, 13(2), pp.132~145 (1963)
  7. Foster, Shirley, "Elizabeth Gaskell: A Literary Life" (2002), Palgrave Macmillan
  8. Fowler, Rowena, "Cranford: Cow in Grey Flannel or Lion Couchant", Studies in English Literature, 24(4), pp.717~730 (1984)
  9. Gaskell, Elizabeth, "Cranford" (2011), Oxford
  10. Jung, C. G, "Hull" (1990), Princeton UP
  11. Jung, C. G, "The Development of personality" (1991), Princeton UP
  12. Jung, C. G, "Good and Evil in Analytical Psychology", Journal of Analytical Psychology, 5(2), pp.91~100 (1960)
  13. Jung, C. G, "Modern Man in Search of a Soul" (1955), Harcourt
  14. Jung, C. G, "Two Essays on Analytical Psychology" (1977), Princeton UP
  15. Kiesel, Alyson J., "Meaning and Misinterpretation in Cranford", ELH, 71(4), pp.1001~1017 (2004)
  16. Neumann, Erich, "Depth Psychology and a New Ethic" (1969), Shambhala
  17. Sharp, Daryl, "Jung Lexicon: A Primer of Terms and Concepts" (1991), U of Toronto P
  18. Showalter, Elaine, "Feminist Criticism in the Wilderness", Critical Inquiry, 8(2), pp.179~205 (1981)
  19. Wolfe, Patricia A, "Structure and Movement in Cranford", Nineteenth-Century Fiction, 23(2), pp.161~176 (1968)

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