월트 휘트먼의 추의 미학: 아방가르드 미술과의 연관성을 중심으로
Walt Whitman’s Aesthetics of Ugliness: Focusing on the Correlation with Avant-garde Art
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Throughout Leaves of Grass, Walt Whitman frankly reveals his infinite preferences for ugliness as the anti-aesthetic expressions which subsume vulgarity, indecency, disgust, obsceneness, grotesqueness, etc. He speaks for the outcasts of society such as prisoners, prostitutes, thieves and dwarfs, and asserts that “ugly words” among them are “powerful words.” He unhesitatingly uses the abject of his bodily fluid as the central themes of his poetry. Whitman’s writings using the abject like blood and semen as well as preferences for ugly words cannot be easily found in the works of his contemporary writers like Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau. As he maintains “Voices indecent by me clarified and transfigur’d,” Whitman believes that the ugly words he uses can be sublimated into aesthetics. Due to his insightful vision far ahead of his time, Whitman has been regarded as the founding father of the avant-garde art by lots of modern artists. It is not difficult to find his avant-garde style going beyond sheer realism in Leaves of Grass. Lots of his poems correspond to the images of the Expressionists and Futurists with the distinctive style of ugliness. That is why the European avant-garde artists Ernst Kirchner and Filippo Marinetti consider Whitman as their mentor. Ultimately, Whitman’s desire to stain every poem with his blood and semen has a strong correlation with that of Abject artists as they both try to sublimate the abject into an art.
Abstract
Throughout Leaves of Grass, Walt Whitman frankly reveals his infinite preferences for ugliness as the anti-aesthetic expressions which subsume vulgarity, indecency, disgust, obsceneness, grotesqueness, etc. He speaks for the outcasts of society such as prisoners, prostitutes, thieves and dwarfs, and asserts that “ugly words” among them are “powerful words.” He unhesitatingly uses the abject of his bodily fluid as the central themes of his poetry. Whitman’s writings using the abject like blood and semen as well as preferences for ugly words cannot be easily found in the works of his contemporary writers like Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau. As he maintains “Voices indecent by me clarified and transfigur’d,” Whitman believes that the ugly words he uses can be sublimated into aesthetics. Due to his insightful vision far ahead of his time, Whitman has been regarded as the founding father of the avant-garde art by lots of modern artists. It is not difficult to find his avant-garde style going beyond sheer realism in Leaves of Grass. Lots of his poems correspond to the images of the Expressionists and Futurists with the distinctive style of ugliness. That is why the European avant-garde artists Ernst Kirchner and Filippo Marinetti consider Whitman as their mentor. Ultimately, Whitman’s desire to stain every poem with his blood and semen has a strong correlation with that of Abject artists as they both try to sublimate the abject into an art.
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