샘 셰퍼드의 『지옥의 신』: 애국심으로 포장된 폭력
The God of Hell: Violence under the Guise of Patriotism
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Sam Shepard’s The God of Hell was a response to the new climate permeating life experience in post-9/11 America. Though most critics have criticized this play as ‘agitprop,’ Shepard avoided transforming his play into a ‘period piece’ that would fade as the history of Bush’s control does. Rather, Shepard skilfully employed images of torture, revealing that politically inflicted injury is both a tool used by unstable governments and a vehicle that destroys the body and the family in the hope of maintaining political power. This paper aims to examine how the individual freedom is transformed by the violence which is executed in the guise of patriotism focusing on the characters. It also raises questions about who the enemy is in war on terror. In addition, it emphasizes that Shepard’s message is universal warning to all nations and all people who crave freedom, not just to the U. S.
Abstract
Sam Shepard’s The God of Hell was a response to the new climate permeating life experience in post-9/11 America. Though most critics have criticized this play as ‘agitprop,’ Shepard avoided transforming his play into a ‘period piece’ that would fade as the history of Bush’s control does. Rather, Shepard skilfully employed images of torture, revealing that politically inflicted injury is both a tool used by unstable governments and a vehicle that destroys the body and the family in the hope of maintaining political power. This paper aims to examine how the individual freedom is transformed by the violence which is executed in the guise of patriotism focusing on the characters. It also raises questions about who the enemy is in war on terror. In addition, it emphasizes that Shepard’s message is universal warning to all nations and all people who crave freedom, not just to the U. S.
참고문헌 (14)
- Ayres-Frederick, Linda, "The God of Hell", San Francisco Bay Times, ~ (2006)
- Brantley, Ben, "That’s No Girl Scout Selling Those Cookies", The New York Times, ~ (2004)
- 11, "Literature after 9", pp.2008, Brustein, Robert
- Figuring Sam Shepard, "Dis", pp.2007, Callens, Johan
- Combs, Marianne, "Dairy Farm Democracy", Minnesota Public Radio, ~ (2005)
- Donelan, Charles, "The God of Hell", The Santa Barbara Independent, ~ (2007)
- Mckinley, Jesse, "Pointed New Shepard Play to Arrive Just before Election", The New York Times, ~ (2004)
- Murphy, John M., "‘Our Mission and Our Moment’: George W. Bush and September 11th", Rhetoric & Public Affairs, 6(4), pp.607~632 (2003)
- Prohászka-Rád, Boróka, "Effacing Myths and Mystification of Power: Sam Shepard’s The God of Hell", Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Philologica, 1(1), pp.60~77 (2009)
- Rich, Frank, "Fool for Love. Sam Shepard Western", The New York Times, ~ (2003)
- Shepard, Sam, "The God of Hell" (2005), Vintage
- Shewey, Don, "Patriot Acts", Village Voice, 36~37 (2004)
- Wade, Leslie A., "Sam Shepard and the American Theatre" (1997), Greenwood