A Study on the Serious Games Design Framework via Potential Outcomes - Focused on Construal Level Interventions
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Although many studies have considered the outcomes and impacts of serious games, little is known about the factors which affect a user’s perception or interpretation in games during the process of decision making from theoretical perspectives. This study aimed to explore the process of user perception from the perspective of construal level theory, and to suggest a theoretical design approach for the development of effective serious games. In the current study, cognitive and affective learning outcomes were articulated through literature review and synthesized into a series of assumptions with persuasive and educational aspects in serious games. Serious games reflect the potential of the game mechanism for changing players’ perception, and helping with knowledge acquisition of the users. The potential to use construal level theory for effective serious games interventions was suggested, and a Serious Games Design Framework was proposed via potential outcomes from recent advanced research. Finally, implications of the application of the suggested model with various-related purposes and directions for future research were discussed. The model could be useful not only for game researchers and designers, but also for game marketers in attracting potential consumers.
Abstract
Although many studies have considered the outcomes and impacts of serious games, little is known about the factors which affect a user’s perception or interpretation in games during the process of decision making from theoretical perspectives. This study aimed to explore the process of user perception from the perspective of construal level theory, and to suggest a theoretical design approach for the development of effective serious games. In the current study, cognitive and affective learning outcomes were articulated through literature review and synthesized into a series of assumptions with persuasive and educational aspects in serious games. Serious games reflect the potential of the game mechanism for changing players’ perception, and helping with knowledge acquisition of the users. The potential to use construal level theory for effective serious games interventions was suggested, and a Serious Games Design Framework was proposed via potential outcomes from recent advanced research. Finally, implications of the application of the suggested model with various-related purposes and directions for future research were discussed. The model could be useful not only for game researchers and designers, but also for game marketers in attracting potential consumers.
참고문헌 (54)
- E. M. Raybourn, "A new paradigm for serious games : Transmedia learning for more effective training and education", Journal of Computational Science, 5(3), pp.471~481 (2013)
- 이혜림, "디지털 레저 문화의 창의적 진화, 시리어스 게임", 한국콘텐츠학회 논문지, 13(12), pp.48~61 (2013), 한국콘텐츠학회[DOI]
- M. Zyda, "From visual simulation to virtual reality to games", IEEE Computer Society, 38(9), pp.25~32 (2005)
- J. P. Gee, "What video games have to teach us about learning and literacy" (2003), Palgrave MacMillan
- D. Michael, "Serious games: Games that educate, train, and inform" (2006), Course Technology PTR
- B. Sawyer, "On Serious Gaming For Life, Serious Games Summit" (2008), Game Developers Association
- H. Markus, "Possible selves", The American Psychologist, 41, pp.954~969 (1986)
- C. Sedikides, "Nostalgia : Past, present, and future", Current Directions in Psychological Science, 17, pp.304~307 (2008)
- Y. Trope, "Construal-level theory of psychological distance", Psychological Review, 117(2), pp.440~463 (2010)
- Y. Trope, "Construal Levels and Psychological Distance : Effects on Representation, Prediction, Evaluation, and Behavior", Journal of consumar psychology, 17(2), pp.83~95 (2007)
- A. L. Freitas, "Abstract and concrete self-evaluative goals", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80(3), pp.410~424 (2001)
- K. Fujita, "Construal levels and self-control", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 90(3), pp.351~367 (2006)
- F. R. Kardes, "Construal-level effects on preference stability, preference-behavior correspondence, and the suppression of competing brands", Journal of Consumer Psychology, 16, pp.135~144 (2006)
- A. L. Freitas, "The influence of abstract and concrete mindsets on anticipating and guiding others’ self-regulatory efforts", Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 40, pp.739~752 (2004)
- D. V. Thompson, "Feature fatigue : when product capabilities become too much of a good thing", Journal of Marketing Research, 42, pp.1~24 (2005)
- P. M. Gollwitzer, "Handbook of theories of social psychology", pp.526~547 (2011), Sage
- H. Kim, "It’s time to vote : the effect of matching message orientation and temporal frame on political persuasion", Journal of Consumer Research, 35, pp.877~889 (2009)
- S. Nussbaum, "Predicting the near and distant future", Journal of Experimental Psychology, General, 135, pp.152~161 (2006)
- S. Nussbaum, "Creeping dispositionism : The temporal dynamics of behavior prediction", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, pp.485~497 (2003)
- H. Lavine, "Cognitive processing and the functional matching effect in persuasion : The mediating role of subjective perceptions of message quality", Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 32, pp.580~604 (1996)
- R. E. Petty, "Matching versus mismatching attitude functions : Implications for scrutiny of persuasive messages", Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 24, pp.227~240 (1998)
- S. J. Katz, "Construal Level Theory of Mobile Persuasion", Media Psychology, 16, pp.245~271 (2013)
- K. Fujita, "Transcending Temptation Through Abstraction : The Role of Construal Level in Self-Control", Psychological Science, 21(4), pp.248~252 (2012)
- R. Garris, "Games, motivation, and learning : A research and practice model", Simulation and Gaming, 33, pp.441~467 (2002)
- H. F. O’Neil, "Classification of learning outcomes : Evidence from the computer games literature", The Curriculum Journal, 16(4), pp.455~474 (2005)
- P. Wouters, "Games-based learning advancements for multisensory human computer interfaces: Techniques and effective practices", pp.232~250 (2009), IGI Global
- S. de Freitas, "How can exploratory learning with games and simulations within the curriculum be most effectively evaluated?", Computers & Education, 46(3), pp.249~264 (2006)
- M. Seeney, "Games-Based Learning Advancements for Multi-Sensory Human Computer Interfaces, Techniques and Effective Practices, Hershey" (2009), IGI Global
- L. A. Annetta, "Serious Games : Incorporating Video Games in the Classroom", Educause Quarterly, 29(3), pp.16~22 (2006)
- A. D. Baddeley, "The episodic buffer: A new component of working memory?", Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 4(11), pp.417~423 (2000)
- "Multimodal learning through media: What the research says" (2008)[URL]
- "The Use of Computer and Video Games for Learning: A Review of the Literature" (2004)[URL]
- J. Kirriemuir, "Literature review in games and learning" (2006), Future Lab
- S. De Freitas, "Developing an evaluation methodology for immersive learning experiences in a virtual world", Conference in Games and Virtual Worlds for Serious Applications (2009)
- S. De Freitas, "Learning as immersive experiences : using the four dimensional framework for designing and evaluating immersive learning experiences in a virtual world", British Journal of Educational Technology, 41(1), pp.69~85 (2010)
- J. P. V. Staalduinen, "Learning to Play:Exploring the Future of Education with Video Games", pp.29~54 (2011), Peter Lang
- R. Gagne, "Conditions of Learning", pp.98~112 (1977), Holt, Rinehart & Winston
- G. Mandler, "Mind and body: Psychology of emotion and stress" (1984), Norton
- A. Bandura, "Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change", Psychological review, 84, pp.191~ (1977)
- E. Salas, "The science of training : A decade of progress", Annual Review of Psychology, 52, pp.471~499 (2001)
- D. Pavlas, "Game-based Learning: The Impact of Flow State and Videogame Self-efficacy", Proceedings of the human factors and ergonomics society 54th annual meeting (2010)
- N. L. Stein, "Memories, thoughts, and emotions: essays in honor of George Mandler", pp.295~322 (1991), Erlbaum
- T. M. Connolly, "survey of students’ motivations for playing computer games: a comparative analysis", In Proceedings of the 1st European conference on games-based learning (ECGBL), pp.25~26 (2007)
- J. Forster, "How global versus local perception fits regulatory focus", Psychological Science, 16, pp.631~636 (2005)
- R. Friedman, "Handbook of approach and avoidance motivation", pp.235~246 (2008), Lawrence Erlbaum
- K. O'Brien, "Situational awareness ability and cognitive skills training in a complex real-world task", Ergonomics, 50(7), pp.1064~1091 (2007)
- Y. Trope, "Temporal construal and timedependent changes in preference", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 79, pp.876~889 (2000)
- U. Ritterfeld, "Playing Video Games-Motives, Responses, and Consequences", pp.399~413 (2006), Lawrence Erlbaum, Inc
- C. Kilmmt, "Why They (Should) Work, Serious Games: Mechanisms and Effects", pp.248~270 (2009), Taylor & Francis
- M. Prensky, "Digital Game-Based Learning" (2001), McGraw Hill
- W. Wirth, "A process model of the formation of spatial presence experiences", Media Psychology, 9, pp.493~525 (2007)
- D. Hefner, "Identification with the player character as determinant of video game enjoyment", Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 4740, pp.39~49 (2007)
- M. Asgari, "Handbook of Research on Effective Electronic Gaming in Education, Information Science Reference", pp.1166~1182 (2008)
- 이혜림, "해석수준이론에 기반한 기능성 게임 효과 증대 방안 연구", 한국게임학회 논문지, 14(4), pp.105~120 (2014), 한국게임학회[DOI]