1950년대 백석의 시 복원을 위한 제안

Abstract

This paper started from the question of why, among Baek Seok’s works which continued to work in North Korea until 1962, the poetry of this period was excluded or avoided from South Korean research. By investigating the poems of this period, which were neglected from the study of literary history, it was considered that it would be possible to compensate for deficiencies in literary history and at the same time provide a foundation for correcting the imbalance in Baek Seok’s research. First, this researcher believed that North Korean literature could not be understood separately from the process of establishing the social system of North Korea. In the mid-to-late 1950s, North Korea was urgently transformed into a party -led socialist system along with the post-war economic recovery project. As the state dominated and interfered in all areas of society, the autonomy of literature and art and freedom of expression were severely reduced. It was around that time that creation forced by others became widely common in North Korean literature. During the turbulent period of regime change, Baek Seok shortly served as an editorial member of the <Literature Newspaper>, which was founded in December 1956, as serving a member of foreign literature subcommittee and children’s literature subcommittee of the Joseon Writers Union. This paper attempted to grasp the essence of Baek Seok’s literary theory in North Korea by analyzing all of Baek Seok’s writings and activities in <Literature Newspaper>. At the same time, the process of ‘the argument of pre-school-age children’s literature’, which ended with Baek Seok’s self-criticism, was analyzed. This argument was summarized as Baek Seok, who has the aspect of a literarist, being lost by indiscriminate attacks by dogmatic writers who advocated ‘party-oriented literature’. Baek Seok published 18 poems after being expelled to the cooperative farm in Samsu-gun, Yanggang-do in January 1959 under the name of ‘the local dispatch of writers’. In this paper, the characteristics of these works were analyzed by dividing them into two categories. The poems of the technique which expanded the narrative by appearing specific people in the poem were adding a sense of reality by using specific plant names. On the other hand, poems that excessively use interjection ended up being ideological poems of blind praise and the excessive angry. Baek Seok published 18 poems just at the time when Kim Ilsung’s one-man rule was laid during the process of North Korea’s power struggle. The reason why these poems show ambivalent characteristics is that Baek Seok’s poem could not find a complete settlement in the boundary between ideology and art, the boundary between other will and will, and the boundary between duty and romance. In the future, more research should be conducted to evaluate Baek Seok’s poems in the 1950s and 1960s, which were neglected from South Korean literature studies.