재미한인 청년의 정치의식과 정치참여: 로스앤젤레스 설문조사 결과를 중심으로
Political Consciousness and Participation of Korean American Young Adults: With a Focus on the Los Angeles Survey Results
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본 연구의 목적은 재미한인 청년의 정치의식과 정치참여의 실태를 파악하는 것이다. 본 연구의 자료는 2004년 로스앤젤레스 광역지역에서 20~40세의 한인을 포함한 여러 인종·종족집단 청년들을 대상으로 실시한 “로스앤젤레스 광역지역에서의 이민과 세대 간 이동 조사”에서 수집되었다. 조사 결과 20~40세의 한인 청년들은 1.5세 비율이 높은 이유로 다른 인종·종족집단의 청년들에 비교해서 부모 모국의 정치에 대한 관심이 높은 편이다. 그리고 거주국인 미국의 정치에 대한 관심과 참여 수준도 대체로 높은 편이다. 이들의 정치 성향은 중도적 정치성향을 가진 사람들이 가장 많고, 보수성향을 가진 사람들이 진보성향을 가진 사람들보다 약간 많다. 이들이 지지하는 정당은 민주당이 공화당보다 약간 우세이지만 유권자 등록자 중에서는 공화당을 지지하는 비율이 더욱 높았다. 한인 청년들의 높은 교육수준과 주류화 수준, 그리고 높은 정치의식과 참여 수준으로 인해 향후 재미한인의 정치 참여와 세력화는 더욱 강화될 것으로 예상된다.
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to examine the situation of political consciousness and participation of Korean American young adults. The primary dataset for this research came from the survey called "Immigration and Intergenerational Mobility in Metropolitan Los Angeles (IIMMLA)", conducted in 2004 by a group of researchers at the University of California. The survey target group was young adults aged 20 through 40 from various racial and ethnic groups including Koreans who lived in the Los Angeles metropolitan area. Main findings are as follows. Korean American young adults have a high rate of the 1.5 generation and hence they have a high level of interest in the politics of their parents' home country than their counterparts of other racial and ethnic groups. Also, they have a high level of interest and participation in the U.S. politics. Their political ideology is widely spread with the greatest number of people having a moderate political ideology and people with conservative ideology are slightly more numerous than people with liberal ideology. They are more likely to support the Democratic Party than the Republican Party, but among those who register to vote people supporting the Repulican Party are slightly more numerous than people supporting the Democratic Party. When we consider their high rates of education and participation in U.S. mainstream society, they are more likely to get involved in U.S. politics and increase their political empowerment in the future.
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