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Self-Employment, Social Capital and Social Contexts: Motivations of Korean Immigrant Entrepreneurs in the Argentine Garment Industry

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초록

Of the approximately 20,000 ethnic Koreans in Argentina today,more than 80% are engaged in the garment industry, in both theproduction and the distribution sectors. Since the beginning ofKorean migration to Argentina in 1965, the Argentine garmentindustry has served as a distinctive gateway into the host societyfor most ethnic Koreans because of a combination of uniquesocio-cultural characteristics and values these immigrants bring tobusiness and the particularities of the economic and socialenvironments in the host country. Based on the analysis of 20in-depth interviews with Korean immigrant entrepreneurs in theArgentine garment industry conducted in early 2014, this researchdemonstrates that various factors were involved in the decision offirst-generation Koreans in Argentina to start a garment business. Unlike the traditional views of sociologists, who tend to focus onthe pull and push factors and the role of social capital, such asfamily ties and ethnic networks, the results of this study highlightthe importance of the wider structural, social and economiccontexts in which ethnic businesses operate in determining animmigrant’s entrepreneurial entry decision.

Abstract

Of the approximately 20,000 ethnic Koreans in Argentina today,more than 80% are engaged in the garment industry, in both theproduction and the distribution sectors. Since the beginning ofKorean migration to Argentina in 1965, the Argentine garmentindustry has served as a distinctive gateway into the host societyfor most ethnic Koreans because of a combination of uniquesocio-cultural characteristics and values these immigrants bring tobusiness and the particularities of the economic and socialenvironments in the host country. Based on the analysis of 20in-depth interviews with Korean immigrant entrepreneurs in theArgentine garment industry conducted in early 2014, this researchdemonstrates that various factors were involved in the decision offirst-generation Koreans in Argentina to start a garment business. Unlike the traditional views of sociologists, who tend to focus onthe pull and push factors and the role of social capital, such asfamily ties and ethnic networks, the results of this study highlightthe importance of the wider structural, social and economiccontexts in which ethnic businesses operate in determining animmigrant’s entrepreneurial entry decision.

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