Social Integration of Koreans in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan- A Comparative Study with Koreans in Other Countries-
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This study seeks a comparative analysis of how overseas Korean communities adapt to and integrate into their host societies, focusing on the key factors that influence this process. By examining the experiences of Koreans in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan alongside those in the United States, Australia, China, and Japan, the study explores the impact of differing immigration and ethnic policies on the social integration of overseas Koreans. Data was collected from a 2022 survey of 2,679 adult overseas Koreans across 10 countries, including 186 respondents in Kazakhstan and 234 in Uzbekistan. The main findings are as follows: social integration varies significantly by generation and country. First-generation Koreans in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan display moderate systemic integration but struggle with psychological integration, while later generations in Kazakhstan are well integrated across all dimensions. In the U.S. and Australia, first-generation Koreans are systemically integrated but lack psychological integration, whereas later generations align with either assimilationist or multicultural integration. In China and Japan, first-generation Koreans face challenges with both systemic and psychological integration. Later generations in China show multicultural integration, while those in Japan remain marginalized
Abstract
This study seeks a comparative analysis of how overseas Korean communities adapt to and integrate into their host societies, focusing on the key factors that influence this process. By examining the experiences of Koreans in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan alongside those in the United States, Australia, China, and Japan, the study explores the impact of differing immigration and ethnic policies on the social integration of overseas Koreans. Data was collected from a 2022 survey of 2,679 adult overseas Koreans across 10 countries, including 186 respondents in Kazakhstan and 234 in Uzbekistan. The main findings are as follows: social integration varies significantly by generation and country. First-generation Koreans in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan display moderate systemic integration but struggle with psychological integration, while later generations in Kazakhstan are well integrated across all dimensions. In the U.S. and Australia, first-generation Koreans are systemically integrated but lack psychological integration, whereas later generations align with either assimilationist or multicultural integration. In China and Japan, first-generation Koreans face challenges with both systemic and psychological integration. Later generations in China show multicultural integration, while those in Japan remain marginalized
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