Study on the Influencing Factors and Types of Korean-Chinese Culture and Identity under the Context of Cross-border Mobility Between China and South Korea - A Case Study of 11 Korean-Chinese People in Tianjin-
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Since the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and South Korea, many Korean companies have set up their headquarters in Beijing and factories in Tianjin, providing Korean-Chinese people with opportunities to engage with Korean culture, work for Korean businesses, and study abroad. This study, based on interviews with 11 Korean-Chinese residents in Tianjin, found that policies of both countries, attitudes of South Koreans, and the ethnic Koreans’ own understanding of their identity all influence their sense of identity and cultural self-awareness. Their identity can be categorized into three types: those who acquire South Korean nationality, those who retain Chinese nationality, and those caught between the two. Factors such as age, gender, education, occupation, and length of stay in Korea affect this identity formation. In general, older individuals with stable families residing in Korea tend to have a stronger Korean self-identity. Women show a higher rate of international marriage and stronger identification with Korea. In contrast, those temporarily staying in Korea for economic reasons are more likely to experience identity conflict. The Korean-Chinese go through a process of adaptation in forming their identity—conformity, conflict, inconsistency, and acceptance. The study suggests that both China and South Korea should implement more inclusive ethnic policies, and Tianjin should establish preferential policies for minority talent.
Abstract
Since the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and South Korea, many Korean companies have set up their headquarters in Beijing and factories in Tianjin, providing Korean-Chinese people with opportunities to engage with Korean culture, work for Korean businesses, and study abroad. This study, based on interviews with 11 Korean-Chinese residents in Tianjin, found that policies of both countries, attitudes of South Koreans, and the ethnic Koreans’ own understanding of their identity all influence their sense of identity and cultural self-awareness. Their identity can be categorized into three types: those who acquire South Korean nationality, those who retain Chinese nationality, and those caught between the two. Factors such as age, gender, education, occupation, and length of stay in Korea affect this identity formation. In general, older individuals with stable families residing in Korea tend to have a stronger Korean self-identity. Women show a higher rate of international marriage and stronger identification with Korea. In contrast, those temporarily staying in Korea for economic reasons are more likely to experience identity conflict. The Korean-Chinese go through a process of adaptation in forming their identity—conformity, conflict, inconsistency, and acceptance. The study suggests that both China and South Korea should implement more inclusive ethnic policies, and Tianjin should establish preferential policies for minority talent.