조선족의 한국 경험과 다중적 정체성 - 30-40대 여성 조선족에 대한 설문조사 및 심층인터뷰를 기반 하여-

Abstract

This study has examined the correlation between their experience in Korea and ethnic and national identity through the surveys and in-depth interviews with female Korean-Chinese People in their 30s and 40s. The survey has conducted on 96 subjects examining their language recognition, cultural awareness, historical awareness, sense of belonging, and experience of discrimination, and conducted interview with 9 of the selected respondents who gave meaningful responses. Surveys and interviews revealed that most of the respondents showed a strong sense of belongings to China as Chinese nationals. At the same time, as overseas Koreans who collectively share the language and daily culture of Korea, it was found that they felt a considerable sense of homogeneity with the Korean people. However, the perception of history, which should be underlying national identity and ethnic identity, were shown to be weaker in younger demographics. The national identity and ethnic identity of the Korean-Chinese people are shown to become more multiple through the experience in Korea. According to the survey, Korean Chinese People who became naturalized in Korea due to marriage and other reasons tend to perceive themselves as "Korean" or "Chinese half, Korean half." There are also cases where people who want to be recognized as “Chinese” or “Korean-Chinse” to Chinese people, and as ”Korean” to Korean People. As such, Korean Chinese People change their identity more diversely through Korean experiences. On the other hand, the negative experience in Korea results in strengthening their original national identity. People who experienced discrimination in Korea felt inferior, and people who immagrated for marriege were forced to understand and adopt to Korean culture. In their daily lives. In order to improve their experience in Korea to be more positive, tit seems that Korean society not only needs to develop sense of respect and understanding to the culture and identity of Korean-Chinese people, but also legal mechanisms to prevent discrimination against Korean-Chinese people.