코로나19 시기 자원봉사자의 자원봉사 분야 IPA와 자원봉사 참여 긍정적 경험들의 영향 요인에 대한 연구
A study on the volunteering activities IPA and the factors influencing positive volunteering experiences during the covid-19
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초록
본 연구는 코로나19 시기 자원봉사의 중요성 및 성과 기준에서 주요 유형을 도 출하고, 자원봉사 긍정 경험, 자아탄력성, 행복, 자원봉사 탄력성에 대한 영향력을 경 험적으로 파악하기 위한 것이다. 이를 위해 팬데믹 1기 직후 부산과 대구의 자원봉사 자, 자원봉사센터 직원, 관련 공무원을 대상으로(최종 332명) 유의적 표집에 따른 자 기기입식 설문조사를 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과로 첫째, 자원봉사 14개 분야를 대 상으로 한 IPA 유형 연구에서 방역･소독, 의료 등 팬데믹 상황에 핵심적 분야가 중요 성과 성과도 높은 ‘유지 강화 유형’으로 제시되었다. 둘째, 자원봉사 참여 긍정 경험 영향 요인으로 성, 서비스 직접 제공, 자원봉사자 변수가 유의미한 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 코로나19 시기 자원봉사자의 자아탄력성 영향 요인으로 연령, 자원봉사 참여 현장 긍정 평가 및 참여 긍정 경험 변수가 유의미하게 나타났다. 넷째, 코로나19 시 기 자원봉사자의 행복 영향 요인은 연령, 자원봉사 참여 긍정 경험 변수가 유의미한 것으로 나타났다. 다섯째, 코로나19 시기 자원봉사 탄력성 영향 요인은 자원봉사 참 여 현장 긍정 평가 및 참여 긍정 경험 변수가 유의미하게 나타났다. 이러한 연구 결과 를 통해 팬데믹 상황에서도 자원봉사는 자아탄력성과 행복에 중요한 영향을 미치고 있으며, 재난의 특성에 맞게 자원봉사의 탄력성도 재구조화해야 하고, 이에는 자원봉 사자의 현장적 경험이 중요하게 작용하고 있음을 시사하고 있다. 재난 시 긍정적 자 원봉사 경험은 재난 극복에도 중요하지만 참여자의 자아탄력성 및 행복에도 영향을 미치고 자원봉사 체계 자체의 탄력성에도 영향을 미치므로 포괄적인 관점에서 자원 봉사의 정책 수립과 운영을 할 필요성이 있음을 본 연구는 제안하고 있다.
Abstract
This study aims to derive major types based on the importance and performance criteria of volunteering during the covid-19 period and empirically identify the effects on positive volunteering experiences. For this purpose, a self-administered survey using purposive sampling was conducted targeting volunteers, volunteer center employees, and related public officials in Busan and Daegu during the first phase of the pandemic(332 people in total). As a result of this study, first, in the IPA type study targeting 14 volunteering activities, key fields in pandemic situations such as quarantine, disinfection, and medical care were presented as the ‘maintenance and reinforcement’ type with high importance and performance. Second, gender, direct service provision, and volunteer variables were found to be significant as factors influencing positive volunteering experience. Third, the variables age, positive volunteering evaluation, and positive volunteering experience were found to be significant as factors affecting the ego-resilience of volunteers during the covid-19. Fourth, age and positive volunteering experience variables were found to be significant factors influencing happiness of volunteers during covid-19. Fifth, the factors affecting volunteering resilience during covid-19 were variables of positive evaluation of volunteer participation and positive experience of participation. These research results show that even in a pandemic situation, volunteering has a significant impact on ego-resilience and happiness, and the resilience of volunteering must be restructured according to the characteristics of disasters, and the field experience of volunteers plays an important role in this. It indicates 코로나19 시기 자원봉사자의 자원봉사 분야 IPA와 자원봉사 참여 긍정적 경험들의 영향 요인에 대한 연구 47 that it is doing so. A positive volunteering experience during a disaster is important in overcoming the disaster, but it also affects the ego-resilience and happiness of participants and the resilience of the volunteer system itself. Therefore, this study suggests that there is a need to establish and operate volunteer policies from a comprehensive perspective.
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