金秉祚의 민족운동과 『韓國獨立運動史略 上篇』의 저술

Abstract

Kim Byeong-jo participated in the March 1st・Independence Movement as a national representative and a Christian pastor. He joined modern education early, and in 1909 he campaigned for enlightenment such as organizing and leading Seobuk Society and Daehan Society Guseon-gun Branch. At this time, he embraced Christianity and later became head pastor at Ilwon Church in Uiju, Pyeonganbuk-do. In February 1919, he was joined as a national representative together with pastorsof the Pyeongbuk presbytery, such as Yoo Yeo-dae and Yang Jeon-baek, under the leadership of Lee Seung-hoon. However, he was unable to attend the independence declaration ceremony of the national representatives held on March 1, led the protest rallies in Uiju, and exiled to Shanghai and participated in the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea. Soon he was the only national representative who participated in the Provisional Government and played a bridging role between the March 1st・In On April 22, 1919, he was elected in The Provisional Assembly and resigned on March 25 of the following year. He was still the leader and pastor of the Korean community, leading Korean churches, and in 1923, he was appointed Chief Secretary at the Korean National Convention. However, in April 1923, he crossed over to Manchuria where he was in charge of Korean churches, and he was also associated with the armed resistance by serving as the director of Tongwibu and Chamibu. After returning to Korea in 1933, Korea gained independence when he was doing his pastoral activities in his home and neighborhood. During his tenure in the Provisional Government, he participated in compiling 『Historical Records of Korea-Japan Relations』 in 1919, and collected the materials about Volume 4 Independent Movement History and wrote it. In March 1921, he wrote and edited 『The Outlined History of Korean Independence Movement Volume 1』. It is reasonable to understand that this book is not Kim Byeong-jo’s personal work, but rather the Provisional Government’s follow-up project on the continuation of the 『Historical Records of Korea-Japan Relations』. Kim Byeongjo tried to achieve his hope through this book when he had the idea that "I want to collect the entire data about the atrocity of the Japanese imperialism and let the entire world know the truth." 『The Outlined History of Korean Independence Movement Volume 1』 consisted of 17 chapters of national history from the Sino-Japanese War of 1894 to the 1st anniversary of the March 1st Movement in 1920. It is his unique view of history which considered the Sino-Japanese War as the full-scale starting point of Japanese invasion. He recognized the March 1st Movement as an 'exemplary revolution', 'a national revolution that has occurred for the first time since the establishment of a nation', and expressed the participating crowd as a 'loyal troop', and he wrote the book with the responsibility and desperation to record the March 1st Movement, as a national representative. However, this book is not the full and subjective description of the March 1st Movement but a kind of collection. As a result, 『The Outlined History of Korean Independence Movement Volume 1』 should be evaluated as the three major classics of the March 1st Movement research together with 『Historical Records of Korea-Japan Relations』 and 『Hangukdongnipundongjihyeolsa(The Bloody History of the Korean Independence Movement)』, given Kim Byeong-Joo's position as a national representative, his role in the compilation process of 『Historical Records of Korea-Japan Relations』, and the nature of the Provisional Government’s follow-up project.